Comp 15 - Usability & Human Factors Unit 12a - Information Visualization This material was developed by Columbia University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 1U24OC000003.

Overview Main concepts Information Visualization in Medicine Field of Information Visualization Main concepts Presentation Interaction and dynamic queries Hierarchies and trees Time-series data Information Visualization in Medicine Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Data explosion 1000000000000000000 bytes of unique info per year 250 Meg for every man, woman and child Printed documents – 0.003% of total Peter Lyman and Hal Varian, 2000 Cal-Berkeley, Info Mgmt& Systems www.sims.berkeley.edu/how-much-info Knowledge workers Reliance on information Ability to process information to make correct decision or select appropriate action Medical applications Access to large volumes of various patient-related information Assess the case, select appropriate action Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Human Vision Highest bandwidth (100 MB/sec) Fast, parallel Pattern recognition Pre-attentive Extends memory and cognitive capacity People think visually Great resource to use in application design Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Which state has the highest income? Is there any relationship between income and education? (tables and graph – lectures in InfoVis Chris North, UV) Field of Information Visualization Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Which state has the highest income? Is there any relationship between income and education? (tables and graph – lectures in InfoVis Chris North, UV) Field of Information Visualization Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Information Visualization IS Cognitive process Understand decision making practices in a particular domain Understand data used in decision making Provide tools that present data in a way that helps people understand it and gain insight from it (data  information  knowledge) Information Visualization IS NOT Visual design UI design or Information Architecture (although can be related) Scientific visualization (visual representation of physical objects – medical imaging) Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Field of Information Visualization Mapping items with no direct physical correspondence to 1, 2 or 3-D physical space Highlighting important aspects of data that support its comprehension Components: Identify, Locate, Distinguish, Categorize, Cluster, Distribution, Rank, Compare (within relations), Compare (between relations), Associate, Correlate Overview, Zoom, Filter, Details on demand, Relate, History, Extract Analysis tasks: Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011 Examples Smart Money (http://www.smartmoney.com/marketmap/) Transparent New York (http://www.skyscraper.org/timeformations/transparent.html) Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Multivariate data sets Data tables Most popular way of presenting information in information-rich interfaces (tabular) Disadvantage – provide access to data, but minimal decision support Data types: Nominal (qualitative) Ordinal Numeric (quantitative) Meta-data (data about data, i.e. type) Data sets – number of variables per class 1 – Univariable sets 2 – Bivariate sets 3 – Trivariate sets >3 – Hypervariate sets Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Multivariate data sets Representation Graphs Charts (structure and relationships between entities are important) Maps (spatial organization) Diagrams (schematic picture of object or entity) Glyphs (metaphors – mapping variables to particular visual properties) Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Representations of data sets: Simple data sets 1. Univariate sets 8 6 3 1 Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Representations of data sets: Simple data sets (con’t) 2. Bivariate sets (scatter plot is common) price mileage Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Representations of data sets: Simple data sets (con’t) 3. Trivariate sets (3D scatter plot – quickly becomes messy) horsepower price mileage Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Representations of data sets: Simple data sets (con’t) 3. Trivariate sets (3D scatter plot – quickly becomes messy) horsepower price mileage Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Multivariate data sets 1. Each variable in its own display Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Hypervariate data sets 2. Scatterplot matrix Image source: http://arcobjectsonline.esri.com/ArcObjectsOnline/Samples/Analysis%20and%20Visualization/Scatterplot/Scatterplot.htm Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Hypervariate data sets (con’t) 3. Star Plot Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Hypervariate data sets (con’t) 4. Parallel coordinates Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011

Hypervariate data sets (con’t) 5. Metaphor-based Component 15/Unit 12a Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 2.0/Spring 2011