INTRODUCTION TO EXCEL 2007

use Excel to: 1. Store and organize data, 2. Analyze data, and 3. Represent data graphically (e.g., in bar graphs, histograms, and scatterplots)

Excel Basics This is a row. Rows are represented by numbers along the side of the sheet. This is a column. Columns are represented by letters across the top of the sheet. Excel spreadsheets organize information (text and numbers) by rows and columns:

Excel Basics A cell is the intersection between a column and a row. Each cell is named for the column letter and row number that intersect to make it.

Data Entry There are two ways to enter information into a cell: 1. Type directly into the cell. Click on a cell, and type in the data (numbers or text) and press Enter. 2. Type into the formula bar. Click on a cell, and then click in the formula bar (the space next to the ). Now type the data into the bar and press Enter.

Data Entry 1. Open Excel (Start  All Programs  MS Office  Excel). 2. Enter the following information into your spreadsheet:

Formulas and Functions Formulas are equations that perform calculations in your spreadsheet. Formulas always begin with an equals sign (=). When you enter an equals sign into a cell, you are basically telling Excel to “calculate this.” Functions are Excel-defined formulas. They take data you select and enter, perform calculations on them, and return value(s).

More on Functions All functions have a common format – the equals sign followed by the function name followed by the input in parentheses. The input for a function can be either: A set of numbers (e.g., “=AVERAGE(2, 3, 4, 5)”) This tells Excel to calculate the average of these numbers. A reference to cell(s) (e.g., “=AVERAGE(B1:B18) or “=AVERAGE (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)” This tells Excel to calculate the average of the data that appear in all the cells from B1 to B8. You can either type these cell references in by hand or by clicking and dragging with your mouse to select the cells.

Functions for Descriptive Statistics =AVERAGE(first cell:last cell): calculates the mean =MEDIAN(first cell:last cell): calculates the median =MODE(first cell:last cell): calculates the mode =VARP(first cell:last cell): calculates the variance =STDEVP(first cell:last cell): calculates the standard deviation You may directly write the functions for these statistics into cells or the formula bar, OR You may use the function wizard ( in the toolbar) Below are several functions you will need to learn for this class. Try them out with the practice data set.

Functions for Descriptive Statistics Your Excel spreadsheet should now look like this:

Introducing Excel Microsoft Office Excel 2007 (or Excel) is a computer program used to enter, analyze, and present quantitative data A spreadsheet is a collection of text and numbers laid out in a rectangular grid. Often used in business for budgeting, inventory management, and decision making What-if analysis lets you change one or more values in a spreadsheet and then assess the effect those changes have on the calculated values

Introducing Excel

Exploring Excel

Navigating a Worksheet Excel provides several ways to navigate a worksheet

The formula bar displays the content of the active cell Text data is a combination of letters, numbers, and some symbols Number data is any numerical value that can be used in a mathematical calculation Date and time data are commonly recognized formats for date and time values Entering Text, Numbers, and Dates in Cells

Entering Multiple Lines of Text Within a Cell Click the cell in which you want to enter the text Type the first line of text For each additional line of text, press the Alt+Enter keys (that is, hold down the Alt key as you press the Enter key), and then type the text

Inserting a Column or Row Select the column(s) or row(s) where you want to insert the new column(s) or row(s); Excel will insert the same number of columns or rows as you select In the Cells group on the Home tab, click the Insert button (or right-click a column or row heading or selected column and row headings, and then click Insert on the shortcut menu)

Deleting and Clearing a Row or Column Clearing data from a worksheet removes the data but leaves the blank cells Deleting data from the worksheet removes both the data and the cells

Changing Worksheet Views You can view a worksheet in three ways: Normal view simply shows the contents of the worksheet Page Layout view shows how the worksheet will appear on the page or pages sent to the printer Page Break Preview displays the location of the different page breaks within the worksheet

Changing Worksheet Views

Working with Portrait and Landscape Orientation In portrait orientation, the page is taller than it is wide In landscape orientation, the page is wider than it is tall By default, Excel displays pages in portrait orientation

Working with Portrait and Landscape Orientation To change the page orientation: Click the Page Layout tab on the Ribbon In the Page Setup group, click the Orientation button, and then click Landscape The page orientation switches to landscape