The Ideal Gas Relationships

Three Factors to Consider Pretend you are a fixed amount of gas…Who has a great influence on your life? Pretend you are a fixed amount of gas…Who has a great influence on your life? Temperature – the amount of heat energy you experience. It will make your particles go faster and collide harder…Better make some room. Temperature – the amount of heat energy you experience. It will make your particles go faster and collide harder…Better make some room. Pressure – the amount of force that is exerted upon you. Pressure is the man, always trying to put the squeeze on you and keep you pent up in a smaller space. Pressure – the amount of force that is exerted upon you. Pressure is the man, always trying to put the squeeze on you and keep you pent up in a smaller space. Volume – the amount of space that you occupy. The number of particles that makes you up and your temperature and pressure will affect how much living space you get. Volume – the amount of space that you occupy. The number of particles that makes you up and your temperature and pressure will affect how much living space you get.

The Same But Different There are three ideal gas relationships. All of them deal with a couple of the factors that were mentioned on the previous slide. Each different law deals with a different pair of factors. The third factor is always held as a constant – so it has no effect. There are three ideal gas relationships. All of them deal with a couple of the factors that were mentioned on the previous slide. Each different law deals with a different pair of factors. The third factor is always held as a constant – so it has no effect. All three of the ideal gas relationships deal with a fixed amount of gas. Remember that an amount of gas refers to the number of moles of that gas. All three of the ideal gas relationships deal with a fixed amount of gas. Remember that an amount of gas refers to the number of moles of that gas. This fixed amount (moles) of gas and the fact that one of the three factors is kept constant means that we see the relationship between the other two factors. We can see what happens to one of these factors when the other factor is increased, or decreased, in some manner. This fixed amount (moles) of gas and the fact that one of the three factors is kept constant means that we see the relationship between the other two factors. We can see what happens to one of these factors when the other factor is increased, or decreased, in some manner.

The Boyle-ing Point Boyles Law explains the relationship between pressure and volume. Boyles Law explains the relationship between pressure and volume. –At a constant temperature, the volume of a fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. This means that as you put more pressure on an amount of gas, it will take up less volume or space. This means that as you put more pressure on an amount of gas, it will take up less volume or space. Boyles Law can be expressed using the following formula: Boyles Law can be expressed using the following formula: P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

Charles in Charge Charles Law explains the relationship between temperature and volume. Charles Law explains the relationship between temperature and volume. –At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature. This means that as you increase the temperature of an amount of gas, you will also increase the volume. This means that as you increase the temperature of an amount of gas, you will also increase the volume. Charles Law can be expressed using the following formula: Charles Law can be expressed using the following formula: V 1 = V 2 T 1 T 2 It can be rearranged into the following format using cross- multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved. It can be rearranged into the following format using cross- multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved. T 1 V 2 = T 2 V 1

Gay-Lussacs Law Gay-Lussacs Law explains the relationship between pressure and temperature. Gay-Lussacs Law explains the relationship between pressure and temperature. –At constant volume, the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature. What this means is that as you put more pressure on a gas, the temperature of the gas will increase. What this means is that as you put more pressure on a gas, the temperature of the gas will increase. Gay-Lussacs Law can be expressed using the following formula: Gay-Lussacs Law can be expressed using the following formula: P 1 = P 2 T 1 T 2 It can be rearranged into the following format using cross- multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved. It can be rearranged into the following format using cross- multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved. P 1 T 2 = P 2 T 1

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