IMMIGRATION COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT (ICE) TEAM Presentation to the Bali Ad Hoc Experts Group II Workshop on Identity Management – Challenges and Opportunities for Cooperation

BANGKOK ICE TEAM Airline Liaison Officers Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nordic countries, UK, USA

BANGKOK ICE The successful operation of the ICE team relies on the goodwill and kind cooperation of the Thai authorities, airlines and Embassies based in Thailand and abroad

BANGKOK ICE Why Bangkok? Bangkok is a regional center for document fraud Bangkok is a major tourist/airline hub with many inbound flights from countries whose nationals often use fake documents, and with many outbound flights worldwide

Bangkok ICE – Role/Responsibility Provides advice to airlines, respective Embassy personnel and Thai authorities Provides training in fraudulent document detection and passenger assessment Analyses trends and provides the information to the Airport Operators Committee

BANGKOK ICE PROCEDURAL Works to IATA Code of Conduct for Airline Liaison Officers Document Seizure: ICAO Annex 9: “Each contracting state shall ensure that the public authorities seize fraudulent, falsified or counterfeit travel documents and the documents of a person impersonating the rightful holder” Interdicted documents other than ICE countries referred to Thai Immigration or relevant Embassies

BANGKOK ICE OPERATIONS Roster formed around countries’ individual responsibilities, covering airport from 5am-2am daily, 365 days per year Agreed to by all ICE members with variations to roster based on seasonal airline operations and intelligence

BANGKOK ICE Bangkok Trends: Most of the ICE work does not relate to Thai nationals Thai nationals interdicted by ICE are usually involved in the sex trade On average, ICE team gives advice that leads to interdictions of about 150-300 passengers per month.

BANGKOK ICE : passport nationalities July 2003 India 46 Canada 6 Algeria 2 Cambodia 1 PRC 21 Myanmar 5 Israel 2 Ghana 1 Philippines 15 Pakistan 5 Liberia 2 Jordan 1 Vietnam 15 Cameroon 4 Malaysia 2 Lesotho 1 Bangladesh 14 Thailand 4 Portugal 2 Mozambique 1 Nepal 9 Turkey 4 South Africa 2 New Zealand 1 South Korea 8 U.K. 4 Spain 2 Slovenia 1 Japan 7 France 3 U.S.A. 2 Taiwan 1 Lebanon 7 Germany 3 Australia 1 Zambia 1 Sri Lanka 7 Singapore 3 Botswana 1

Passenger Indicators Unusual Routings Tickets purchased Cash/Last Minute Little to No Baggage Passenger Behaviour – Spokespersons Clothing Most referrals as a result of indicators other than documentation

Boarding Pass Swappers Major problem – sale of identity Highly organized smuggling syndicates Usually a farang checking in with own passport and ticket Many variations on the same theme