The optical layout of future WFCT

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Presentation transcript:

The optical layout of future WFCT YangRui Yunnan University The LHAASO workshop 18,February,2011

Outline The present telescope Fresnel corrector WFCT Two reflecting mirrors WFCT Discussion

The present telescope Single tessellated spherical reflector Radius: 4740 mm Focal length: 2305 mm Spot: 40 mm Resolution: 1º Field of view: 16º14º Size of PMT cluster: 640 mm ×554 mm Materials: float glass coated with aluminum and MgF2 Reflectivity: 83%(UV) (provide1ºpixels in an overall field of view)

Geometric size 24mm 42mm

Expecting parameters of future PMT Diameter of PMT（mm) 40 19 25.4 29 38 Array 16×16 32×32 Size of PMT array（mm） 640×554 608×529 832×720.5 464×402 608×526.5 Resolution (degree) 1 0.5 0.75 Spot (mm) FOV (degree) 16×14 12×10 Priorities prototype 1a 1b 2 3

Image quality, especially for skew rays Fraction of Enclosed Energy of existing telescope PMT Incident angle 0º 7º 40mm 100% 60% 25.4mm 20% 19.0mm 50% 9% Necessity for redesign the optical telescope Small spot Aplanat Image quality, especially for skew rays

Demands 1/4 shipping container（inner room: 2.9 m × 2.5 m × 2.38 m） Wavlength: 300nm—400nm Field of view: 14º16º Spot: 19.0mm or 25.4mm Resolution: 0.5º Cost-efficient

Fresnel corrector WFCT 19.0mmPMT Total length: 2546mm

19.0mmPMT

19.0mmPMT Demands Simulation results Field of view 14º16º 13º15º Resolution 0.5º 0.46º Spot 19.0mm Enclosed Energy 8595%

25.4mmPMT Total length: 2440mm

25.4mmPMT

25.4mmPMT Demands Simulation results Field of view 14º16º 17º19.6º Resolution 0.5º 0.58º Spot 25.4mm Enclosed Energy 9098%

Main features of this design: The prime mirror: spherical reflector same as prototype Fresnel lens used as corrector Focal length: 276mm@19.0 150mm@25.4 Aperture: 800-1000mm Material: PMMA ( Polymethyl Methacrylate ) Good image Mature technology： e.g ChengDu FSCREEN, WuXi BHlens

Challenge: high UV transmittance Manufacturing scheme of Fresnel lens: casting moulding or compression molding with optical plastic Material: PMMA(73% transmittion for UV) Total efficiency:  54% Reflectivity of prime mirror: 83%(UV) Transmissivity of PMMA: 73%(UV) Imaging efficiency: 90%(skew rays) Whether it can work well?

Two reflecting mirrors WFCT Improving total efficiency Total efficiency of two reflecting mirrors: 62% prime mirror: 83%(UV) Secondary mirror：83%(UV) Imaging efficiency: 90%(skew rays)?

25.4mm@ 832×720.5 mm Total length: 2700mm Even asphere:

Simulation results(25.4mm): Field of view 14º16º Resolution 0.5º Enclosed Energy 100%(0º)  80%(7º) Total efficiency for fringe rays 83%83% 80%=55% The surface sag of secondary mirror is given by:

19.0mm@ 608×529mm Total length: 2700mm Even asphere:

Simulation results(19.0mm): Field of view 14º16º Resolution 0.45º Enclosed Energy 90%(0º)  65%(7º) Total efficiency for fringe rays 83%83% 65%=45%

Main features of this design: The primary mirror: spherical reflector The secondary mirror: even asphere Radius: 7900mm@19.0 34000mm@25.4 Semi-Diameter: 699mm@19.0 681mm@25.4 Disadvantage : large obstructed area

Discussion Fresnel (PMMA) Two reflecting mirror Image good Deformed (off-axis) Energy efficiency 54% 45%55% Obscuration ratio 10%16% 30%33% manufacture Mature, cost-efficient Asphere, difficidult

Conclusions Because of large obscuration, two-mirrors system is not good for this application. Although practical efficiency will not so good as expecting, Fresnel corrector system is useful for imaging.

Thank you!