Stem Cell Transplant for Myeloid Neoplasms

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Presentation transcript:

Stem Cell Transplant for Myeloid Neoplasms Anurag Singh, MD Assistant Professor University of Kansas Medical Center

Lee SJ et al. Blood. 2007;Vol 110:4576-4583 Timing Matters “Early referral is perhaps the single most important step that can affect survival.” Patients transplanted earlier in their disease have better outcomes than patients with advanced disease, regardless of the degree of match. Pidala J. Blood. 2014; 124(16):2596-2606 Lee SJ et al. Blood. 2007;Vol 110:4576-4583

Date of HLA typing of first sib Study Design SCREENING+IC Pt fit for a RICT? Yes Healthy sib? Pt not fit No potential sibling Not included Inclusion Date of HLA typing of first sib RICT group Sib HLA-identical N=77 Control group Sib not HLA-identical Standard treatment N=68 AML, 5—70 yrs Not low risk Induction, n=1-2 Consolidation CR1

Iodine (131I) apamistamab [Iomab-B] CD45 Targeted Conditioning Iodine (131I) apamistamab [Iomab-B] is a murine anti-CD45 targeted therapy that was developed at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Encouraging Phase II data led to the ongoing SIERRA Phase III trial CD45 is expressed on hematopoietic cells, including leukemia cells, lymphoma cells and all immune cells High doses, such as in the SIERRA trial, deplete hematopoietic stem cells Targets radiation directly to leukemia cells and elicits a direct anti-tumor effect Leukemic Bone Marrow Post-Iomab-B Myeloablated Bone Marrow Iomab-B

Iomab-B Potential – Background and Rationale Compelling prior Phase II clinical data in active, refractory and relapsed AML Robust safety and long term efficacy outcomes in multiple populations: 271 patients in 9 Phase I and II clinical trials (AML, ALL, MDS, NHL, MM) Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 15 :1431-1438 (2009), MD Anderson outcomes analysis. (Chemo + BMT n=19) (Salvage Chemo n = 95) Iomab-B BMT: Blood 114:5444-5453 (2009) and additional data on file Pagel et. al. (n=36)

SIERRA Phase 3 Trial Design Study Design (N=150) Primary End-point: Durable Complete Response Rate (dCR): morphologic CR lasting ≥180 days Secondary End-point: 1-year Overall Survival Key Eligibility Criteria: Active, relapsed or refractory AML defined as: Primary induction failure (PIF) after ≥2 cycles of chemotherapy First early relapse after remission < 6 months Refractory to salvage combination chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine Second or subsequent relapse Bone marrow blast count ≥ 5% or the presence of peripheral blasts ≥ 55 years of age Karnofsky score ≥ 70 An 8/8 allele-level, related or unrelated, medically cleared HSC donor matching at HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and DRB-1

SIERRA Iomab-B Treatment Schedule ~7 days Iomab-B (~10-20 mCi) Imaging (24 Gy to liver, mean~600mCi) FLU 30 mg/m2/d TBI 200 cGy Dosimetry Therapy Dose RIC HCT -4 -12 to SCT -3 -2 -1 Iomab-B Specific Standard Transplant Procedure ~12 days Immunosuppression RIC: Reduced Intensity Conditioning FLU: Fludarabine TBI: Total Body Irradiation HCT: Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Therapy dose individualized and calculated based on upper limit of 24 Gy liver exposure

SIERRA Trial: Demographics Highlights ASH presentation based on safety data from first 25% of patients enrolled. Updated results for this cohort being presented at today’s session Additional protocol defined safety updates at 50% and 75% of planned enrollment Ongoing Phase 3 SIERRA Trial (N=38) Randomized to Iomab-B Study Arm (N=19) Randomized to Conventional Care Age (median, range) 62 (55-72) 64 (55-76) Disease Status At Randomization Primary Induction Failure (10) First Early Relapse (1) Relapsed / Refractory (4) 2nd / Subsequent Relapse (3) **1 patient not entered Primary Induction Failure (6) Relapsed / Refractory (8) 2nd / Subsequent Relapse (4) % Bone Marrow Blasts at Randomization 30% (4*-74) 26% (6-97) Randomized to Conventional Care (N=10) 63 (58-72) Primary Induction Failure (3) First Early Relapse (0) Relapsed / Refractory (6) 2nd / Subsequent Relapse (1) At Randomization: 24% (6-70) At Crossover: 45% (10-70) *1 patient with 4% blasts in the marrow had circulating AML blasts

Novel Re-induction and Targeted Conditioning Therapy Yields Encouraging Results in Active, Relapsed or Refractory AML Median (range) Randomized to Iomab-B and transplanted (N=18/19)˄ Randomized to Conventional Care (N=19) Achieved CR and received standard of care transplant (N=4) Did not achieve CR Crossed over to Iomab-B arm and transplanted (N=10/15) ˄˄ Days to ANC Engraftment 13 (9-22)*** Not collected 13 (9-20) Days to Platelet Engraftment 16 (13-26)*** 17 (10-20)** Days to HCT (Post Randomization) 28 (23-38) 67 (66-86) 66 (57-161)**** Dose Delivered to Bone Marrow 18 (8.2-32) Gy 616 (397-1027) mCi n/a 16 (6.3-20) Gy 518 (313-1008) mCi ˄ 1 patient had unfavorable dosimetry ˄ ˄ 5 patients ineligible for transplant Key Data Highlights: Despite high blast count all patients receiving Iomab-B successfully engrafted 15/19 (79%) of patients in the control arm failed to achieve complete remission 10/15 (67%) of eligible patients in the control arm crossed-over to receive Iomab-B Faster time to transplant in patients randomized to Iomab-B (28 days) vs. conventional care (67 days) If on conventional care arm, no delay to HCT with crossover to Iomab-B ** N=2 patients, platelet engraftment data not available; *** ANC engraftment data not available (N=2), platelet engraftment data not available (N=3); ****1 patient at 161 days had delayed transplant due to infection & respiratory failure, received Iomab & transplant when stable

Non–Heme Grade 3 or 4 AEs (>10% of patients) Up to a 100-days post transplant or till crossover assessment* Adverse Event Randomized to Iomab-B Study Arm (N=19) (%) Randomized to Conventional Care Arm (N=19) Total (N=38) Febrile Neutropenia 4 (21.1) 9 (47.4) 13 (34.2) Stomatitis 3 (15.8) 6 (15.8) Malnutrition 2 (10.5) 5 (13.2) Epistaxis 4 (10.5) Sepsis 0 (0) Hypotension 1 (5.3) Hyperbilirubinemia Fatigue * Note: Five patients on conventional care arm did not achieve CR and did not proceed to transplant. AE profile not collected post cross-over assessment as per protocol

(>10% of total patients) Crossed over to Iomab-B Non–Heme Grade 3 or 4 AEs in Transplanted Patients: Up to a 100-days post transplant No Grade 3 or 4 Iomab-B Infusion Related Reactions (all infusions completed) Acute GVHD Iomab-B: Grade 3 (N=1), Grade 4 (N=0) Cross-over Iomab-B: Grade 3 (N=1), Grade 4 (N=1) Chronic GVHD Iomab B: N=2 (mild) Crossover Iomab-B: N=2 (mild) VOD Iomab-B: Grade 2 (N=1). Day 9 to 17 post transplant. Resolved Adverse Event (>10% of total patients) Randomized to Iomab-B Study Arm N=19 (%) Crossed over to Iomab-B Arm and transplanted N=10 (%) Febrile Neutropenia 4 (21) 4 (40) Stomatitis 3 (16) 2 (20) Malnutrition 2 (11) Epistaxis Sepsis 0 (0) 3 (30) Hypotension 1 (5) Hyperbilirubinemia 1 (10) Fatigue

100 Days Non-Relapse Mortality in Transplanted Patients Randomized to Iomab-B and transplanted (N=18) Randomized to Conventional Care (N=19) Achieved CR and received standard of care transplant (N=4) Did not achieve CR Crossed over to Iomab-B arm and transplanted (N=10) 0/18 (0%) 1/4 (25%) 1 patient: septic shock 1/10 (10%) 1 patient: diffuse alveolar hge No Non-Relapse mortality in Iomab-B arm Non-Relapse mortality increases with additional salvage therapy followed by transplant Based on investigator feedback, protocol recently amended for earlier cross over at day 14 for progression to potentially reduce this mortality and offer earlier transplant

Conclusions SIERRA is the only randomized, on-going Phase III clinical trial that offers transplant option to patients 55 years or older with active, relapsed or refractory AML Historically under-served population Dismal survival prognosis Limited options for patients with active disease Encouraging results with potential to broaden transplant eligibility and improve outcomes Validated proof of concept of re-induction and targeted conditioning with Iomab-B All patients receiving Iomab-B engrafted despite active disease with high blast count (median 30%, or median 45% for crossover patients) 15/19 (79%) of patients in the control arm failed to achieve a complete remission 10/15 (67%) of patients eligible for crossover successfully transplanted with Iomab-B Faster time to transplant in patients receiving Iomab-B (28 days) vs. conventional care (67 days) and no delay to HCT with crossover to Iomab-B No non-relapse mortality in patients randomized to Iomab-B arm Transplant can be an option for patients with active, relapsed or refractory AML

CAR-T for AML

Abstract # 689: Comprehensive Clinical-Molecular Transplant Risk Model for Myelofibrosis Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Aim: to develop a comprehensive prognostic system including clinical and molecular information, specifically in myelofibrosis undergoing transplantation.

Abstract # 689: Comprehensive Clinical-Molecular Transplant Risk Model for Myelofibrosis Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract # 689: Comprehensive Clinical-Molecular Transplant Risk Model for Myelofibrosis Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract # 689: Comprehensive Clinical-Molecular Transplant Risk Model for Myelofibrosis Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Myelofibrosis Transplant Scoring Systems (MTSS) Low (score of 0 to 2) 5y OS: 90% Intermediate (score of 3 to 4) 5y OS: 77% High (score of 5) 5y OS: 50% Very high (score of 6 to 9) 5y OS: 34%

Myelofibrosis Transplant Scoring Systems (MTSS) Non-relapse mortality Low (score of 0 to 2) 5y NRM: 10% Intermediate (score of 3 to 4) 5y NRM: 22% High (score of 5) 5y NRM: 36% Very High (score of 6 to 9) 5y NRM: 57%

Abstract # 689: Comprehensive Clinical-Molecular Transplant Risk Model for Myelofibrosis Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation The score was predictive of OS overall as well as for PMF and SMF (p<0.001, respectively). The MTSS showed overall C statistics of 0.718 (0.707-0.730) after cross-validation yielding a median of 0.727 in PMF and 0.708 in SMF indicating improved performance and replicability.