Types of Rock Sedimentary Rock Liz LaRosa http://www.middleschoolscience.com 2010 Images from Geology.com unless otherwise noted

Review: Concept Map Igneous Rock _____________ When magma pushes into surrounding rock below the Earth’s surface and cools. ___________ Forms from magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface. (Common around volcanoes.) Cools slowly has a ______ _______ texture Cools quickly, has a _____ _________ texture

Sedimentary Rocks Form at or near the Earth’s surface Rocks on the surface are weathered Sediments are moved from one place to another (erosion) Sediments are deposited in layers, with the older ones on the bottom Layers are compacted & cemented together http://www.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/sediment.htm

Sedimentary Rock No heat involved Pressure is exerted from the rock layers above causing compaction Strata – layers of rock Stratification – the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers

Classification of Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary Rock Clastic – made of fragments of rock cemented together with calcite or quartz Breccia is a term most often used for clastic sedimentary rocks that are composed of large angular fragments (over two millimeters in diameter). The spaces between the large angular fragments can be filled with a matrix of smaller particles or a mineral cement that binds the rock together.

Sedimentary Rock Chemical Sedimentary – minerals crystallize out of solution to become rock Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of the mineral calcite. It most commonly forms in clear, warm, shallow marine waters. It is usually an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation of shell, coral, algal and fecal debris.

Sedimentary Rock Organic sedimentary – remains of plants and animals (limestone & coal) Coal is an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment.  Coal is a combustible rock and along with oil and natural gas it is one of the three most important fossil fuels. 

Sedimentary Rock Your mission today is to create a Visual Comic Strip of how a sedimentary rock forms. You will select a type of sedimentary rock (clastic, organic, or chemical) You will describe how they were formed (born). (Process of formation) You will then explain how you became this type of rock.

Sedimentary Rock Include the following terms: energy, weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation, strata, stratification Make sure you describe your agent (what force caused it) of weathering and erosion. Make sure you create a name for your rock character. Be the rock you have always dreamed of!