Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

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Presentation transcript:

Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration Motion Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

Frames of Reference The object or point from which movement is determined Movement is relative to an object that appears stationary Earth is the most common frame of reference

Questions What is the frame of reference for the sunset? What is a frame of reference? What is the most common frame of reference?

Question When can you determine how fast you are going in a jet plane?

Motion Motion is a change in position relative to a frame of reference Speed is the distance traveled in a given amount of time Speed=distance time

Speed The units for speed: meters/second (m/sec) kilometers/hour (km/hr) Speed that does not change is constant speed

Average speed Total distance divided by the total time Formula:

Velocity Speed in a given direction Velocities in the same direction combine by adding Velocities in different directions combine by subtracting

Interesting fact Rockets are launched in the same direction of the earth’s rotation to get an extra boost of 1800 km/hr to its speed

Questions What is motion? What is speed? How is it calculated? What is average speed?

Questions How is velocity different from speed? Which two factors determine an object’s velocity?

Acceleration The change in velocity Acceleration is measured in m/sec/sec or m/sec2 Formula is: (final velocity - original velocity)/time

Deceleration vs. Acceleration A decrease in velocity is deceleration or negative acceleration A distance-time graph for acceleration is always a curve

Centripetal Acceleration Acceleration directed toward the center of circular path

Questions What is acceleration? What is the shape of a distance-time graph for acceleration? What is centripetal acceleration?

Momentum Momentum is equal to the mass of an object times its velocity momentum= mass x velocity

Conserving Momentum The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum is NOT lost, only transferred

Questions What is momentum? What happens to momentum as the mass of a moving object increases? What is the formula for momentum? What is the law of conservation of momentum?