Monday March 9, 2015 Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT: Explain how the U.S. turned the tide of WWII in Europe. AGENDA: WARM-UP: WWII Map of Europe CONCEPT: War in Europe READING: Battles of WWII CHART: Battles of WWII: European Theater ***Tora Tora Tora Summary DUE TOMORROW*** WWII Map of Europe WARM-UP: (Follow the directions below) ***5 Minutes*** Analyze the map on P. 572. Answer the questions below. How many countries in Europe were Allies in 1942? How many countries in Europe were Axis or Axis-controlled in 1942? If you were the U.S. entering into this war in 1942, what would your strategy be?

THE UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR II AMERICA TURNS THE TIDE

SECTION 2: THE WAR FOR EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA Days after Pearl Harbor, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill arrived at the White House and spent three weeks working out war plans with FDR They decided to focus on defeating Hitler first and then turn their attention to Japan

Battle in the Atlantic A. Ger U-Boats prevented food and war supplies from reaching GB and SU B. Allied ships formed Convoys for protection

ALLIES CONTROL U-BOATS In the first seven months of 1942, German U-boats sank 681 Allied ships in the Atlantic Something had to be done or the war at sea would be lost First, Allies used convoys of ships & airplanes to transport supplies Destroyers used sonar to track U-boats Airplanes were used to track the U-boats ocean surfaces With this improved tracking, Allies inflicted huge losses on German U-boats ALLIES CONTROL U-BOATS U-426 sinks after attack from the air, January 1944. Almost two-thirds of all U-boat sailors died during the Battle of the Atlantic.

Structured Academic Discussion FDR and Churchill met in ___ and worked out the details for ____ The U.S. turned the tide in the Battle for the Atlantic by …

Battle for Stalingrad Hitler wants: 1. Soviet oil fields 2. destroy major industrial centers Brutal house to house fighting Soviet Army surrounds the city Traps Ger Army & Cuts off supplies A. Ger surrender Feb 1943 Turning pt.– Soviets move toward Germany

North Africa North African Campaign A. Operation Torch (allied invasion) Need a base to attack Italy 2. Ger surrender in May 1943 North Africa

FDR and Churchill in Casablanca CASABLANCA MEETING FDR and Churchill met in Casablanca and decided their next moves 1) Plan amphibious invasions of France and Italy 2) Only unconditional surrender would be accepted FDR and Churchill in Casablanca

Italian Campaign A. Sicily captured Summer of 1943 Mussolini forced to resign Hitler determined to stop Allies Ger put up very strong resistance B. Italy freed in 1945, end of war

TUSKEGEE AIRMEN Among the brave men who fought in Italy were pilots of the all-black 99th squadron – the Tuskegee Airmen The pilots made numerous effective strikes against Germany and won two distinguished Unit Citations

On May 31, 1943, the 99th Squadron, the first group of African-American pilots trained at the Tuskegee Institute, arrived in North Africa

Structured Academic Discussion FDR and Churchill planned __________ invasions of __________ & _________ The all-black 99th air squadron …

WWII: Battles of Europe NAME DATE DESCRIPTION RESULT Battle of the Atlantic 1939 – 1945; Entire war German U-boats were successful early on in controlling the Atlantic. However, eventually Ally technology and convoys won out and they were able to ship goods across the Atlantic. Allied Victory Battle of Britain El Alamein Stalin-grad Kursk Invasion of Sicily Salerno Norm-andy Invasion Battle of the Bulge