Reflection of light Albedo=reflected flux / incident flux.

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Presentation transcript:

Reflection of light Albedo=reflected flux / incident flux

Refraction of light

Refraction of light

Color dispersion

Polarization

Diffraction

Intensity Intensity is inversely proportional to distance square. I ~ 1/D2

Dual nature of light: wave-particle photons

Nature of waves

Line radiation Atomic lines Molecular lines

Energy level of atoms

Atomic structure of hydrogen

Doppler effect Change in wavelength radial velocity Original wavelength speed of light

Continuum radiation

Blackbody radiation

Absorption and emission Dark lines: absorption Bright lines: emission Spectrum of Mars

Refracting telescopes

Reflecting telescopes

Light paths & telescope mount

Resolution Needs large telescopes Differation limit =2.5 x 105 wavelength/telescope diameter

Seeing & adaptive optics Neptune

interferometer

Transit

Color magnitude

spectrograph Information: temperature, composition, density, spin, gravity Sun

Space telescopes

Space exploration

Spacecrafts

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