Half way Thermal review Thermal Conduction (?)… Ideal Gas Law… Kinetic Molecular Theory… Thermodynamics…

Objects contain billions of particles… 1 mole of particles = 6.022 x 1023 particles = NA Avogadro’s Number (The SI unit for quantity of a substance) The number of moles in a certain number of particles:

kB = Boltzmann’s Constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K = R/NA The Ideal Gas Law PV=nRT P = Pressure (Pa) V = Volume (m3) n = # of moles (mol) R = 8.31 J/mol K = 0.0821 (L.atm)/(mol.K) If N = # of particles T = Temp. (K) B PV=NkBT PV = nRT = NkBT kB = Boltzmann’s Constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K = R/NA

The Gas Laws (quick review) Boyle’s Law P 1/V Charles’ Law V T Gay-Lussac’s Law P T Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT

PV=nRT PV=nRT Ideal Gas at Constant Temperature (Isothermal) PV=constant Boyle’s Law constant PiVi= PfVf or Ideal Gas at Constant Pressure Charles’ Law PV=nRT constant or

A gas with volume V, pressure P, and temperature T is trapped inside a cylindrical container with a moveable piston. If the temperature of a trapped gas is quadrupled while the volume is doubled, what will be the new pressure? P 1.5P 2P 3P A cylindrical container of volume V holds 3 moles of Neon gas with pressure P and temperature T. If the gas is heated to a temperature of 2T and volume is kept constant, how many moles of gas are there in the container? 3 moles 1.5 moles 1 mole 0 moles A box contains a volume V of air with a pressure P and temperature T. If the box is never opened and no air can escape. If the temperature in the room is increased to 2T, what will be the new pressure in the box? ½ P (B) P (C) 2 P (D) 4 P

A gas is contained in an 8.0 x 10-3 m3 vessel at 20 °C and a pressure of 9.0 x 105 N/m2. (a) Determine the number of moles of gas in the vessel. A gas is contained in an 8.0 x 10-3 m3 vessel at 20 °C and a pressure of 9.0 x 105 N/m2. (b) How many molecules are in the vessel?

A cylinder with a moveable piston contains gas at a temperature of 27 oC, a volume of 1.5 m3, and an absolute pressure of 0.20 x 105 Pa. What will be its final temperature if the gas is compressed to 0.70 m3 and the absolute pressure increases to 0.80 x 105 Pa? 1.5 m3 27 oC 0.20 x 105 Pa 0.70 m3 0.80 x 105 Pa