Monday October 13, 2014 Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT: Explain why settlers migrated west, how they survived on the Great Plains, and problems farmers of the Plains faced. AGENDA: WARM-UP: Westward Settlement Vocab CONCEPT: Settling the Great Plains GUIDED READING: Farmers’ Problems (P. 220-221) INDEPENDENT PRACTICE: Chapter 5 Review Questions - DUE WEDNESDAY ****Slavery Essay DUE TODAY***** ***Unit 1 Foldable DUE TOMORROW*** Westward Settlement Vocab WARM-UP: (Follow the directions below) ***5 Minutes*** Homestead Act 4) Farmers’ Alliance Exoduster 5) Populism Morrill Act

Settling on the Great Plains Ch 5

I. Moving West A. RxR open the West (Transcontinental RxR - 1869) 1. Central Pacific—Sacramento to Utah 2. Union Pacific—Omaha to Utah

The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1868 The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1868. The Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads met in Promontory Point, Utah and laid a Golden Spike

B. Govt Incentives 1. Homestead Act - 1862 a) 160 Acres of Land Given to Head of Family b) Exodusters - Southern Black Settlers moved to Kansas 2. 1889 - Oklahoma Land Rush a) 200,000 Homesteaders rush to claim land Some crossed the starting line too SOON Oklahoma became the “SOONER” State

C. Westward = conflicts with Native Americans GREAT PLAINS MT ND SD MN WY IA NB IL CO MO KN OK TX Settlers claimed N.A. had forfeited their right To the land because they did not “improve” it

THE DARK AREAS DEPICT NATIVE LANDS BY 1894

SETTLERS ENCOUNTER HARDSHIPS The frontier settlers faced extreme hardships – droughts, floods, fires, blizzards, locust plagues, and bandits Despite hardships, the number of people living west of the Mississippi grew from 1% of the nation’s population in 1850 to almost 30% in 1900 LOCUST SWARM

Dry farming – fallow field allows recovery II. Living on the Plains Dugouts—dug into sides of hills Soddy—built out of blocks of turf Dry farming – fallow field allows recovery B. Technology helps farmers steel plow, reaper, barbed wire C. Plains become “breadbasket of nation”

III. Govt supports farmers Morrill Act 1862 & 1890 Land sold = $ for Universities Land Grant Universities Govt Gave Land to states---Land Sold $ Financed Agricultural Colleges Iowa First Land Grant University

IV. Farmers Problems Borrowed Money to Buy Land Crop prices fell - Needed More Land to Grow More Crops to Pay Debts RxR Overcharge to Transport Grain Farmers Mortgage Farms to Buy Supplies Debts kept increasing READ P. 220 - 221

Ch 5 Review Questions DIRECTIONS: Use your notes and textbook to answer the following questions on a separate piece of paper. DO NOT WRITE DOWN THE QUESTION. Answer them in complete sentences. Conflicts between Native Americans and the United States were largely over what? (Ch 5 Sec 1 P. 203) What impact did the railroads have on the West? (Ch 5 Sec 2 P. 215) In what ways did the government encourage settlement on the Great Plains? (Ch 5 Sec 2 P. 215) How did new inventions and the Morrill Act change farming on the Great Plains? (Ch 5 Sec 2 P. 217) Why did farmers think that an increased money supply would help solve their economic problems? (Ch 5 Sec 3 P. 220) What reforms did the Populist party want to implement? (Ch 5 Sec 3 P. 221) On P. 220, Answer Analyzing Political Cartoons Question #1. On P. 220, Answer Analyzing Political Cartoons Question #2.