Chapter 6 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Forensic Psychology The application of the science and profession of psychology to questions and issues relating to law and the legal system © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Forensic Psychology Also known as criminal psychology © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Forensic Psychiatry A medical subspecialty that applies psychiatry to the needs of... © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Forensic Psychiatry …crime prevention and solution, criminal rehabilitation, and issues of the criminal law © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological Theories The individual is the primary unit of analysis © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological Theories Personality is the major motivational element within individuals. It is the seat of drives and the source of motives © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological Theories Crimes result from abnormal, dysfunctional, or inappropriate mental processes within the personality © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological Theories Criminal behavior may be purposeful for the individual insofar as it addresses certain felt needs © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychological Theories Normality is defined by social consensus Defective mental processes may have a variety of causes © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Early Psychological Theories Behavioral conditioning Personality disturbances and diseases of the mind © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Psychopath (Sociopath) Does not feel empathy with others Is unable to imagine how others think and feel © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Psychopath (Sociopath) Is able to inflict pain and engage in cruelty without empathy for the victim © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Antisocial Personality Is basically unsocialized Exhibits behavior that brings him or her into conflict with society © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Antisocial Personality Is incapable of significant loyalty to individuals, groups, or social values © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Personality Types • Psychotics • Extroverts • Neurotics • Introverts © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychoanalysis Criminal behavior is maladaptive, or the product of inadequacies inherent in the offender’s personality © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Psychoanalysis The Id The Ego The Superego © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Psychotic Offender Is out of touch with reality in some fundamental way © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Crime as Adaptive Behavior Crime is a compromise, representing for the individual the most satisfactory method of adjustment… © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Crime as Adaptive Behavior …to inner conflicts which he or she cannot express otherwise © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Modeling Theory People learn how to act by observing others © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Behavior Theory Behavior is determined by environmental consequences which it produces for the individual concerned © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Behavior Theory Major determinants of behavior are found in the environment surrounding the individual © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Attachment Theory Delinquent behavior arises whenever non- secure attachments are created © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Self-Control Theory Low self-control is the premier individual-level cause of crime © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Insanity and the Law For purposes of the criminal law, insanity is strictly a legal, not a clinical, determination © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Insanity and the Law M’Naughten Rule Irresistible Impulse Test Durham Rule Substantial Capacity Test © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Insanity and the Law Brawner Rule Guilty but mentally ill (GBMI) © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.