Mountain Building Chapter 11 Mount Moran (on right) in Wyoming’s Grand Teton National Park.

This peak is part of the Karakoram Range in Pakistan. 11.1 Rock Deformation Deformation - changes in original shape/size of rock body. - Most crustal deformation occurs along plate margins. Factors Affecting Deformation - Temperature & pressure - Rock type - Time This peak is part of the Karakoram Range in Pakistan.

Types of Stress Tensional Compressional Shear

Folds (in sedimentary rock strata)  Anticlines - upfolding, or arching (A).  Synclines - linear downfolds (U) found with anticlines.  Monoclines - large step-like folds.

Makes no sense without caption in book http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo/animations/ch8.htm

Arrows show the relative motion of rock units. Faults  Normal - hanging wall block moves down relative to footwall block. (Tensional Stress)  Reverse - hanging wall block moves up relative to footwall. High angle – dips greater than 45o (Compressional Stress)  Strike-Slip - movement horizontal & parallel to the trend of the fault surface. (Shear Stress) Normal Fault - caused the vertical displacement of these beds located near Kanab, Utah. Arrows show the relative motion of rock units.

Section 11.1 Review Which is not a factor that affects the strength of a rock? time Age of rock Rock type temperature

11.2 Types of Mountains Folded Mountains - formed by folding.  Mountains - classified by processes that form them. Orogenesis - processes that form mountains. Folded Mountains - formed by folding. Folded sedimentary layers are exposed in the northern Rocky Mountains on the face of Mount Kidd, Alberta, Canada. What is a Mountain?

Fault-Block Mountains - Large-scale normal faults  fault-block mountains. blocks of crust are uplifted & tilted Part of the Basin and Range Province of Nevada, California, and Utah.

Grabens - downward displacement of fault-bounded blocks. Horsts - elongated, uplifted blocks of crust bounded by faults. Tensional stresses have elongated and fractured the crust into numerous blocks. Movement along these fractures has tilted the blocks producing parallel mountain ranges called fault-block mountains.

Domes & Basins Dome – circular or elongated structure formed by uplifting. Basin – circular, downwarped structure.

Section 11.2 Review Orogenesis refers to the processes that produce… Spreading centers earthquakes Subduction zones mountains

Accretion in Western North America West Coast Geology is complicated! Makes no sense without caption in book These terranes are thought to have been added to western North America during the past 200 million years.