Single-Replacement Reactions Unit 4 (Ch. 8, section 2)

Single-replacement reactions A.Define single-replacement reactions:

Single-replacement reactions A.Define single-replacement reactions: Atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound.

Single-replacement reactions B. Write a general formula for a single- replacement reaction: 1. Metal and ionic compound 2. Nonmetal and ionic compound

Single-replacement reactions B. Write a general formula for a single- replacement reaction: 1. Metal and ionic compound A + BC AC + B 2. Nonmetal and ionic compound X + YZ YX + Z

Single-replacement reactions Will every single replacement reaction work?

Single-replacement reactions Will every single replacement reaction work? NO

Single-replacement reactions Define the activity series, from page 217, and explain what it is used for.

Single-replacement reactions Define the activity series, from page 217, and explain what it is used for. The activity series describes whether or not an element will replace another. More reactive metals (higher) can replace less reactivty metals (lower). For nonmetals, reactivity is limited to halogens, with the more reactive halogens (at the top of the column) replacing the less reactive ones. Higher replaces the lower

Single-replacement reactions Noted exceptions: Acids begin with H Water begins with H Even though they both begin with hydrogen, not all elements above them will replace the hydrogen in the same way.

Single-replacement reactions Noted exceptions: Draw 2 lines: one between Na and Mg, and the other just above H. Between Li and Na, their reactivity is strong enough to replace the H in both acids and water. Between Mg and Pb, their reactivity is weaker, so it can replace the H in acids, but not in water. They are simply physical changes, not chemical reacions.

Single-replacement reactions Practice Problems: 1) Solid magnesium metal reacts with aqueous zinc nitrate

Single-replacement reactions Practice Problems: 2) Solid magnesium metal reacts with aqueous silver nitrate

Single-replacement reactions Practice Problems: 1) Solid magnesium metal reacts with aqueous lithium nitrate

Single-replacement reactions Practice Problems: 4) Chlorine gas reacts with aqueous magnesium iodide

Single-replacement reactions Practice Problems: 5) Chlorine gas reacts with aqueous magnesium fluoride