Technical Implementation for Chinese domain name TWNIC Feb 27 2001

Technical solution Server side Client side DNS-Bind 8.2.3 Proxy server-Squid 2.3 Web server-Apache 1.3 Dns gateway Sendmail Client side download software for PC resolver(if need) E-mail client(Web mail)

C-Bind Bind8.2.3 8-bit Clean: strncasecmp function support 2 bytes code ( 2nd Byte case sensitive) hash function(2 bytes code 2nd Byte case sensitive) src/bin/named/db_lookup.c  nlookup() src/bin/named/db_glue.c  nhash() src/bin/named/ns_parseutil.c  symbol_hash() Read Correct Code range when read files src/lib/resolv/res_comp.c

CSquid(squid proxy server) Squid 2.3-stable3 Squid 2.3-stable4 support Chinese URL handle ‘@’

CApache(apache web server) modify src/main/http_vhost.c Support Chinese URL Support Chinese virtual host

Why DNS Gateway TWNIC support these zone file(66) 台灣(Big5、UTF8、GB、UTF8、UTF5) 商業、網路、組織、教育(*5) 商業.台灣、網路.台灣、組織.台灣、教育.台灣(*5) 商業.TW、網路.TW、組織.TW、教育.TW(*5) .TW(*1) “.中國” only UTF-8 encoding

DNS Gateway 2 .台灣 (UTF8/Big5) DNS 6 4 5 1 7 教育部.台灣 (Big5) Winmdow 2000 user

The function of DNS Gateway Combined with DNS On-line translate Can reply SOA and NS query (Change NS to itself under a domain) Support recursive query Follow root tree structure

Chinese E-mail address Sendmail or Exchange server follow RFC RFC821、RFC822(Email header 7 bits) RFC1034、RFC1035(only accept A-Z,a-z,0-9,-) Most mail client can not support Chinese E-mail address

Mail use ‘@’ as delimiter for username and hostname Some Chinese character second byte is ‘@’ It don’t work unless the both side of mail server support Chinese E-mail address

Mail Server ‘\’ It will be striped when the second byte of Chinese character is ‘\’ ‘@’ Some Chinese character will collision with the ‘@’ of e-mail address Case sensitive in the second byte of Chinese character Chinese username

Web mail web mail can handle Chinese E-mail address web mail is independ with Chinese DNS web mail has some bugs in handle Chinese Character ‘\’ ‘|’

Download client software Download is not necessary Replace winsock32.dll Change to ACE encoding for passthrough the firewall Support other encoding like clean 8-bit, UTF8 Can handle these TLD xxx.tw, xxx.cn xxx.(台灣)big5, xxx.(中國)big5 xxx.(台灣)GBK, xxx.(中國)GBK Can handle ‘\’ Support http,telnet,ftp… Support Windows 95/98,NT,2000

Web server (compatible to English domain name) Roaming Roaming DNS Gateway ML DNS query Web proxy DNS Web server (compatible to English domain name) Zone:ML Domain Big5 Client GB Web

Roaming It can pass through firewall without download client software On-line translate Traditional/Simplified Chinese domain name to query DNS server The web server is not require to support Chinese domain name It can support partial matching of domain name for selecting

Question Zone files have too many encoding type and hard to read It is difficult to ask system manager upgrade these AP to support Chinese handling Commercial proxy server、web server、firewall are still not support Chinese domain name Both side of Mail server must support Chinese domain name and Chinese username if user want to exchange mail with Chinese E-mail address

Question Browser will change URL encoding follow these web page encoding When the second byte of Chinese character is ‘@’ or Chinese character like oxc4XX、0xd7XX,browser treat them with different meaning Microsoft have a patch to solve it Most mail clients can not accept e-mail address with Chinese character input