Chinese Influence in East Asia Chapter 15—Resurgence of Empire in East Asia

Chinese Influence China influenced the neighboring societies of Japan, Korea and Vietnam Through invasion Through trade All of these societies maintained individual identity Selectively adopted elements of Chinese politics, culture, technology

Korea Chinese influence/conquest ebbed and flowed according to Chinese power Silla Dynasty Native Korean rulers Invaded during Tang Dynasty Korea agrees to become tributary state Amiable arrangement leads to easy flow of culture, ideas

Korea Chinese influence Significant difference Confucianism—organization of government Buddhism Significant difference Korea never adopted egalitarian Confucian exam system Aristocracy continued to rule

Vietnam Tang military invasion met with significant resistance Attempt by Chinese to absorb the Vietnamese people into Chinese society Eventual tributary relationship marked by frequent revolt, resentment of Chinese dominance.

Vietnam The Vietnamese did adopt Chinese Vietnamese kept agricultural/irrigation methods schools Confucian administrative techniques aspects of Confucian education Buddhism Vietnamese kept Their own indigenous religion The high status of women in markets/business

Medieval Japan Never invaded by China Influenced by Sui and Tang models of gov’t

Yamato Period (300-710) Sinification of Japan Confucianism Writing System (kanji) Zen Buddhism Chinese art & architecture Government System Taika Reforms (645) Kept Shinto—native animist religion Prince Shotoku (573-621) supported adoption of Chinese culture and Buddhism

Heian Period (794-1156) Moving away from Chinese politics, religion, & the arts Last imperial mission to Tang China occurred in 838 Elaborate court life Poetry and literature Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Japanese writing system (kana)

Heian Government Political power was dominated by aristocratic families Fujiwara clan ruled as regents Emperors did not “rule” End of period due to the rise of military clans Minamoto clan, Fujiwara clan, Taira clan, Tachibana clan Gempei Wars (1180-1185)

Kamakura Shogunate Beginning of Japan’s Medieval Period Founded by Minamoto Yoritomo Takes the title of shogun Imperial court relegated to ceremonial duties Power in the hands of bushi (samurai)

Japanese Feudal Structure Feudalism: a political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, land, and military service. Shogun Loyalty Land Daimyo Daimyo Loyalty Land Samurai Samurai Samurai Protection Food Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant

Japanese Feudal Structure

Samurai Bushido Influenced by Confucianism and Buddhism Frugality Loyalty Martial Arts Honor until death Seppuku Influenced by Confucianism and Buddhism

Castles Left: Main tower of Osaka castle which was constructed in 1583 Above: Outer wall and mote of Osaka castle