Dr. Kareema Ahmed Hussein 2017 -2018 Oxygen Therapy Dr. Kareema Ahmed Hussein 2017 -2018

Inhalation Therapy:- is the process of breathing of air steam or drug or oxygen in to the lung. Terminology -Anoxia:-reduction of oxygen in body tissue. Sign/symptom increase P. rate ,rapid deep R., cyanosis restlessness, anxiety, dizzness,faintness Hypoxemia:-deficient oxygenation of the blood. S/s:rapid P., dyspnea, restlessness, flaring of noise ,intercostals retraction , cynosis.

Hypoxia :-is inaduate tissue oxygenation at the cellular . S/s :restlessness ,anxiety ,disorientation ,decrease level of consciousness ,fatigue, dizziness, increase P.rate, Rapid R.depth ,increase BP,pallor ,cynosis ,dyspnea . Cynosis:-bluish color of mucous membrane ,nail beds ,or skin due to excessive deoxygenating of hemoglobin.

Hyperventilation: -is state of ventaltion in excess of that required to eliminate the normal venous carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism. Caused by anxiety ,hypoxia with shock, infection ,drugs, fever. S/s:Tachycardia ,S.O.B ,chest pain ,tetany ,dizziness, numbness ,blurred vision ,disorientation.

Hypoventilation:-occurs when alveolar ventilation is a inadequate sufficient Co2 . s/s:dizzines,headach, cardaic arrest coma Nebulizer:-is a device used to deliver a fine spray or mist of medication to patient.

Purposes of Oxygen Therapy : Purposes of Oxygen Therapy 1-To supply or increase supply of oxygen to the body. 2-To soothe irritated mucous membranes 3-To loose mucous and secretion in the respiratory. 4 To provide high humidity to liquefy bronchial secretion . 5-To serve as respiratory stimulant

Indication for oxygen therapy: I -Hypoxemia. 2-Heart failure. 3-Respiratory insufficiency. 4-Asthma. 5 - [partial collapse of the air vesicles of the lung] 6-Bronchiactasis[dilatation of the bronchial tubes] *02 therapy is prescribed by the physician when the of administration 02 is an emergency measure the nurse may give.

Safety precaution with oxygen therapy: 1-"No smoking "sign should be placed on the patient door. 2-Avoid materials that generate static electricity to use. 3-Avoid use of volatile ,flammable material such as oil, alcohol, ether. 4-Remove matches and cigarette . 5-Nurse should know the fire procedures. 6-Nurse should always check the 02 level.

Method of 02 administration 1-Nasal channel: Advantages: 1-easy to apply and dose not interfere with patients ability to eat or talk. 2-permits some freedom of movement . concentration 23%-44%[low concentration] flow rates2-6 liters per minute.

2-Nasal catheter: plastic tube about 16 inch long . high concentration flow rates 1-5 L./min. Disadvantages: Laryngeal ulceration, to prevented by changes every 8 hrs. catheter from one nostril to the other

3-Face mask: cover the patients nose and mouth made of plaster or rubber. Concentration from 40%-60% flows 5-8 L/min. 4- Face tent: concentration 30% -55% flows from 4-8L/min. 5-Body tent: used for children, is a clear plastic material. Concentration 50%-60%flow rates8L/min. and measured every 4 hrs. advantages of this type is the freedom of movement.

Carbon dioxide inhalation Used to increase the rate and depth of respiration, it administer as the treatment for hiccups usually given by mask as a 5% and 95% 02it is ordered for 10 –15 min. periods several time a day. S/s of CO2 toxicity, vertigo ,dyspnea ,nausea ,disorientation .

Oxygen Delivery System Characteristic Concentration LPM 1. Nasal Cannula provides oxygen at low flow rates 24–45%. , 2–6 litres per minute (LPM), 2. Simple face mask 40 – 60%. 5 - 8 LPM 3. Air-entrainment masks also known as Venturi masks, blue adapter – 24% green adapter – 35% At trachea : 24 - 50% 4-10 lpm; 8 lpm 4- 10 lpm . 4. Partial rebreathing mask – has a reservoir bag 60–90% 6 to 10 LPM. 5. Non-rebreather masks ( reservoir mask), Delivers the highest oxygen concentration Close to 100% of 8-10 LPM or higher, they deliver close to 6. Face Tent 30 – 50% 4- 8 LPM or higher

Partial rebreathing mask Non-rebreather masks ( reservoir mask

Face tent

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