Symbiotic Relationships

BIOLOGY STANDARD 2.0: LEARNING EXPECTATION 2.1: The student will investigate the interactions of organisms within their environment through different relationships, population dynamics, and patterns of behavior. LEARNING EXPECTATION 2.1: Compare and contrast the different types of symbiotic relationships. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR LEVEL 1: Identify Commensalism, Parasitism, and Mutualism, given a scenario with examples. Link to TN Curriculum Standards

This Standard May Be Difficult To Teach Because… Mutualism and Commensalism share similar concepts, and can thus be confusing to students. This may be the first time students are exposed to the three distinct groups of symbiotic relationships.

SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS SYMBIOSIS is the interaction between 2 different organisms living together HOST- usually the LARGER of the 2 organisms SYMBIONT- usually the SMALLER member

THE THREE SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS ARE... Click on a Picture Below to Learn About the Relationship PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM EXTRA PRACTICE ACTIVITY GO BACK TO SPECIFIC QUESTION EXIT

PARASITISM Is a relationship where the Symbiont lives in/on the Host The Symbiont (or Parasite) BENEFITS The Host is HARMED For example, the tick in the picture above is a parasite. It benefits by extracting blood from its human host. The human is harmed because EXIT

Mutualism Is a relationship between the host and a symbiont, where both organisms benefit and neither is harmed. The relationship can be long or short term. For example, in the photo above, the host flower benefits by being pollinated by the traveling butterfly. The symbiont butterfly benefits from the nectar that it extracts from the flower. EXIT

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COMMENSALISM Is a relationship between the host and symbiont, where the symbiont benefits and the host is neither helped nor harmed. The symbiont benefits by receiving transportation, housing, and/or nutrition. For example, in the photo above the symbiont barnacles receive transportation from the host whale. The host whale is neither helped nor harmed by the barnacles. EXIT

EXTRA PRACTICE ACTIVITY In the following activity, you will be given a picture scenario. Identify and select the symbiotic relationship (parasitism, mutualism, or commensalism) represented in the picture. EXIT

SLIDE NAVIGATION INSTRUCTIONS ADVANCE TO NEXT SLIDE RETURN TO PREVIOUS SLIDE GET HELP, DEFINITION QUIT ACTIVITY EXIT

In this photo the “cleaner fish” receives nourishment by dining off of the parasites and remaining food debris in the eel’s mouth. Is this an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM HELP EXIT

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PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM HELP EXIT Clownfish are frequently found in the tentacles of sea anemones. Sea anemones capture their prey by paralyzing them with their tentacles. However, the clownfish produces a mucus that prevents the tentacles from harming it. By dwelling amongst the tentacles the clownfish receives a protected home. This relationship is an example of … PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM HELP EXIT

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The birds in the picture are munching on tiny parasitic insects located on the rhino. The relationship between the birds and the rhino is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM HELP EXIT

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PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM EXIT Lampreys are primitive fish with limited digestive systems. They attach to and feed on the body fluids of fish with more advanced digestive systems, often leading to the death of the host fish. This relationship is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM HELP EXIT

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PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM EXIT Orchids grow on the branches of high trees. These orchids get more water and sunlight than those on the ground. The tree is unaffected by the orchid’s presence. This relationship is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM EXIT HELP

SORRY MAN, TRY AGAIN SORRY MAN, TRY AGAIN EXIT

That’s CORRECT! Keep up the great work!

Image Resources www.worldsurface.com www.orn.mpg.de/~knauer/ bshary/bsharyr.jpg www.cbu.edu/.../ image005.jpgcommensalism www.cbu.edu/~seisen/ExamplesOfCommensalism.htm www.agen.ufl.edu/.../ lect/lect_11/lect_11.htm www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/.../ sea-mer/index_e.htm www.orchid.or.jp/.../ walke/top-Brazil-1999.html

RESOURCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiosis pbs.org/wgbh/nova/teachers/activities/2009_abyss.html www.cyberlearn.com/coral.htm

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