Y. Okabe The Open University of Japan

Y. Okabe Lifelong Learning in Aging Society Yoichi Okabe President The Open University of Japan

Y. Okabe The Open University of Japan is… s An accredited university under the dual control of the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology), and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. s A distance education institution that provides educational programs to students through TV, radio and Internet. s An open university which enables anyone to take higher education anytime and anywhere. A large university at which around 87,000 students are studying. A large university at which around 87,000 students are studying.

Y. Okabe Watching and listening to broadcast lectures s Broadcasting (Open for general) BS digital broadcastingBS digital broadcasting Cable televisionCable television Terrestrial broadcasting (Tokyo vicinity area)Terrestrial broadcasting (Tokyo vicinity area) s Internet broadcasting (Open for students only Limit from Intellectual property right) s Study Centers

Y. Okabe The Open University of Japan Academic Structure School of Graduate Studies Faculty of Liberal Arts

Y. Okabe Undergraduate School

Y. Okabe s No entrance exams s Rather severe exam for each lectures s 124 Credit: About 20% of whole courses should be schooling (1 credit each), and other 80% is correspondence courses (2 credit each) s Cheap tuition fee: 24,000Yen (~8,000B) for enrollment fee, 5,500Yen (~1,800B) / credit, total ~700,000Yen (~230,000B)

Y. Okabe Faculty of Liberal Arts Faculty of Liberal Arts Department of Liberal Arts 6 Areas of Study Living and Welfare Psychology and Education Society and Industry Humanities and Culture Informatics Nature and Environment NEW April 2013 NEW April 2013

Y. Okabe Examples of Subjects for 2012 Some 300 subjects available Number and Ratio of Regular Students in the 2 nd semester of 2012 Course (regular students) 53,599 Others consists of those who take the previous 3 courses OUJ reorganized types of courses from 3 courses to 5 courses in 2009.

Y. Okabe Graduate School

Y. Okabe Graduate School Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Division of Arts and Sciences (7 Programs) Division of Arts and Sciences (7 Programs) Human Life and Health Sciences Sciences of Human Development and Education Clinical Psychology Social Governance Arts and Humanities Informatics Natural and Environmental Sciences NEW April 2013 NEW April 2013 NEW April 2013 NEW April 2013

Y. Okabe Study Centers

Y. Okabe Regional Study System 50 Study Centers 7 Satellite Spaces 70 Audio Visual Spaces

Y. Okabe Study Centers in 50 Locations Nationwide Fukui Study Center Tottori Study Center Tokushima Study Center Nagasaki Study Center

Y. Okabe Study Centers can be used at any time for study purposes. Classroom lecturesUnit accreditation examination Library study Borrowing study materials from the library

Y. Okabe Find the Smiles of Study Friends at Study Centers Spanish Friendship Society/Chiba Study Center Social club activities

Y. Okabe Find the Smiles of Study Friends at Study Centers Field trip

Y. Okabe ICT in OUJ

Y. Okabe ICT of OUJ s My job from 2006 after joining to OUJ

Y. Okabe ICT System in OUJ s s School record system (registration, exam result) s Internet delivery of broadcasted lectures s BBS s Drills for lectures s Web-seminar for graduate course s SNS (under test) s MOOCs (planning)

Y. Okabe Internet Delivery of Lectures About 350 lectures

Y. Okabe Midterm exam via Web

Y. Okabe SNS s Testing stage by myself s Twitter: __obake (double underscores) Good advertising tool / quick answer for mostly students / show future planGood advertising tool / quick answer for mostly students / show future plan Triggering administrative officerTriggering administrative officer s Facebook: yoichi.okabe OUJ group (> 1,000 members) like (virtual) campusOUJ group (> 1,000 members) like (virtual) campus Good for making virtual groupsGood for making virtual groups s No LINES yet

Y. Okabe MOOCs s Try to kick off JMOOC this autumn s MOOCMOC (How to earn money) The model will be very similar to that by broadcasting system (contents can be seen freely but tuition free is necessary for exam and credit)The model will be very similar to that by broadcasting system (contents can be seen freely but tuition free is necessary for exam and credit) s At least 1 lecture (Japanese language) till next spring

Y. Okabe Education for Aged People

Y. Okabe Changes in Student Composition

Y. Okabe Student Numbers in Japan Student Enrollment Number Total240,076229,734226,384224,314217,237 Private159,279151,808150,490147,045140,224 OUJ80,79777,92675,89477,26977,013 Percentage of OUJ33.7%33.9%33.5%34.4%35.5% Number of Correspondence Univ. Student Number of OUJ Student Number of Correspondence Univ.

Y. Okabe Targeted Generation s Other universities focused to students around 20 yrs old s It is now changing very fast but still lots of duty to visit university HQ frequently (mostly for schoolings) which limits the workers / homemakers (female) s OUJ has lots of study centers, and easy to access from any place in Japan

Y. Okabe Attributes of Enrolled Students at Faculty of Liberal Arts including Special Auditing Students: as of the 2nd semester, 2012 Sex Age

Y. Okabe Population Pyramid Source : National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, JPSS Ageing society with a low birth rate will be continue at an accelerating rate. By 2030, it is said, one out of every three people will be over 65 years old. Ageing society with one out of three will be over 65 years old.

Y. Okabe Student Enrollement Numbers by Age 15 Student Enrollment Numbers Age

Y. Okabe Big Market in Aged People s 35-45: Working students who want to acquire new knowledge (psychology) s 35-45: Homemakers (female) who graduated from junior collages s 60-65: Retired persons who want to learn new field especially liberal arts

Y. Okabe Attributes of Enrolled Students as of the 2nd semester, 2012 Occupation Educational Background

Y. Okabe Motivation of Aged People s 1/3 of enrolled students more than 45 yrs old has university degrees. s The number of people who contribute to society (NPO, voluntary works, etc.) is 3 times larger than that of the ordinal people in the same generation.

Y. Okabe Senior People Study for their Career Formation Source : Recruit Works Institute 2011 Survey Report on employment issue of 40s to 70s 11,190 people 5,246 people 2,186 people Figures in bracket are the ratio in proportion to the labor population. presence or absence of motivation to learn underlying needs actual needs Lack motivation to learnHave motivation to learn 560,000 people 586,000 people 409,000 people total

Y. Okabe Graduate Schools Student Enrollment Number by age Based on the Comparison between MEXT, School Basic Survey and OUJ Student Enrollment Numbers Percentage of OUJ Graduate School Enrollment Numbers to OUJ is the data at April 2012

Y. Okabe s Big market in aged generation s ICT is next key technology to attract mid-aged generation s ICT is still not familiar to high-aged generation more than 70

Y. Okabe ICT for Aged Student s Introductory lectures in regional study centers every year s Supporting system by skilled students in SCs s TV lectures s Portable terminals than PCs

Y. Okabe Conclusion s Big market on aged generation s Liberal arts fit for aged people s Their learning motivations are quite high s Such people has big motivation for other activities s Some aids are necessary for the promotion of e-learning

Y. Okabe Thank you for your Attentions

Y. Okabe 1. What is OUJ s Several 10 DL Univs in Japan s Among them, OUJ is the only ODL Univ. established by Japanese gov. (60% support) s One faculty, liberal arts s Students can stay max 10 yrs. s 80,000 students (big number of aged people) s 350 broadcasted lectures s 3,000 face-to-face lectures at 50 study centers covering whole Japan

Y. Okabe What is OUJ (contd) s What is good? No entrance exam. (Openness)No entrance exam. (Openness) Qualified course exam. (Qualified students)Qualified course exam. (Qualified students) … s What is bad? Unilateral education by broadcasted lecturesUnilateral education by broadcasted lectures Lack of communication between students (and with lecturers)Lack of communication between students (and with lecturers) No big library in each study centerNo big library in each study center …

Y. Okabe What is OUJ (contd) s What is good? No entrance exam. (Openness)No entrance exam. (Openness) Qualified course exam. (Qualified students)Qualified course exam. (Qualified students) … s What is bad?ICT Unilateral education by broadcasted lecturesUnilateral education by broadcasted lectures Lack of communication between students (and with lecturers)Lack of communication between students (and with lecturers) No big library in each study centerNo big library in each study center …

Y. Okabe International Trends of OUs s Mega univs mostly in Asia s ODL Open Distance Learning via internet s Still lots of univs via R, TV Lots of net univs s OER Open Educational Resources s OER Open Educational Resources s Several univs who have no self-made lectures and relied on OER only

Y. Okabe 2. OER in Japan s Example: JOCW Most univs: Up to several 10 internet video lectures among several thousand onesMost univs: Up to several 10 internet video lectures among several thousand ones OUJ: several 10 internet video lectures among 350 onesOUJ: several 10 internet video lectures among 350 ones 180 TV and 170 radio lectures are fully open by broadcasting180 TV and 170 radio lectures are fully open by broadcasting 90 TV and 170 radio lectures are open on network only for students90 TV and 170 radio lectures are open on network only for students

Y. Okabe Why so less? s Copyrights and/or property rights (historical arts, treasure, sculpture, etc.) are severe and very expensive (several million yen / 1 semester lecture) for broadcasting s More expensive and sometimes strictly prohibited for internet delivery for students s Fully open on internet is more difficult

Y. Okabe Other Reasons s Financial support from univs is relatively low s Professors do not care about internet delivery s OUJ: directors of broadcasting do not care about internet delivery s Government do not care about internet delivery

Y. Okabe Solutions s Raising interest for internet delivery for people in gov., univs s Introducing concept of fare-use s Encourage creative commons

Y. Okabe 3. Education in OUJ s Digitizaion of broadcasting Digital terrestrial broadcasting (analog stopped last July)Digital terrestrial broadcasting (analog stopped last July) Digital BS broadcasting (last Oct.)Digital BS broadcasting (last Oct.)

Y. Okabe Web Education s Digital library system (2005) s Internet delivery of lectures (2007) s Webinar for graduate course (2007) s Web system for educational affairs (2007) s LMS by Moodle (2010) s ICT literacy lectures for mostly aged people (2010)

Y. Okabe Future of OUJ s Aiming a top educational univ. of all Japanese univs including DL univs All open contents: OER Open Educational Resource by broadcasting and internetAll open contents: OER Open Educational Resource by broadcasting and internet Excellent educational methodExcellent educational method s Digital text book ( ) s SNS for intra univ. communication (2013-)

Y. Okabe Summary s Brief introduction of OUJ s Present situation of OER in Japan Very lowVery low Copyrights and/or property rights are keyCopyrights and/or property rights are key s ICT educational system of OUJ