Screen and Assessment Critical for Addictions Treatment More than testing Includes clinical interviewing Incompetence can lead to unnoticed, marginalized, untreated addiction issues Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Philosophical Foundations of Addictions Counseling Hope Strength-based approaches The whole-person approach Motivation Collaboration in addictions counseling Multidisciplinary approach Advocacy Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Hope Definitions Adaptive Maladaptive hope Spiritual Mundane Proper coping Healthy transitions Resiliency Acceptance Maladaptive hope Fantasies Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Strength-Based Approaches Assessment identifies strengths and accomplishments Do not avoid challenges “The strengths perspective assumes that all consumers have positive capabilities and the capacity for success.” Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

The Whole-Person Approach Recovery Draws upon internal and external resources Involves lifestyle and identity changes Takes into account client’s strengths and context Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Motivation External (coercion) Internal or “intrinsic” motivation Legal social controls Formal controls (i.e. employer mandate) Informal social controls Internal or “intrinsic” motivation Is emphasized for greater change and what is needed for long term recovery. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Collaboration in Addictions Counseling The therapeutic process Client and counselor together work in sessions Clients do all the work in between Share and explore assessment results with client Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Multidisciplinary Approach Collaboration with others Helping professionals Health care providers Support groups Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Advocacy Whether in an addictions, mental health, school, or vocational rehabilitation context, an assessment may lead to client advocacy. A client may need to be advocated for (direct advocacy) or on behalf of (indirect advocacy). Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Role of an Addictions Assessor Type of problem Appropriate treatment Appropriate interventions Involve family as needed Evaluate effectiveness of interventions Continuity of care Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Points to Remember About Human Assessment Measures Protect client welfare and information Informed consent Be competent to use assessment Recognize uniqueness and diversity issues Be watchful of stereotypes Own ideas of “addicts” Unidentified addictions Results are not the person Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Human Assessment Measures, (continued) Use proper instruments appropriately Maintain empathetic connection Use multiple methods Detailed interview Multidisciplinary approach Consult other professionals Continue to reassess over time Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Communicating about Human Assessment Measures Involve client at all stages Continue to assess over time Use easy to understand language Explain results and limits of assessment Share accepted results first Self-verification Connect information to client’s goals and values Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Flow of Addictions Assessment Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Structures of Assessment Interviews Unstructured Builds rapport, addresses resistance, wholistic Time intensive, unable to generalize, may over-assess Semi-structured Structured interviews Reliable and valid, efficient, aids research Rigid, may need training, can compromise rapport Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Components of an Interview 1. Review referral information 2. Review previous evaluations 3. Interview the client 4. Gather corroborating material 5. Formulate a hypothesis 6. Make recommendations 7. Create a report, other documents 8. Meet with the client about results 9. Meet with client’s support system 10. Follow up on recommendations and referrals Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Assessment for Level of Care Intoxication and withdrawal potential Biomedical conditions Emotional, behavioral, and cognitive conditions Readiness for change Likelihood of relapse or continued use Recovery environment Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Useful Information to Gather Demographics Client presentation and functioning Addictive behavior First and subsequent exposure Context of use, triggers Positive and negative results Beliefs about use/non-use Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Useful Information, (continued) Treatment specific information Past treatment Goals and Internal and external triggers Motivation and readiness for change Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Useful Information, (continued) Information about the whole person Relationships, context Adverse childhood events High risk behaviors Coping skills Work Spirituality Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Useful Web Sites National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: Alcohol Consumption Measures http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/Assesing%20Alcohol/measures.htm University of Washington: Substance Use Screening & Assessment Instruments Database http://lib.adai.washington.edu/instruments/glossary.htm Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved