Atoms and Subatomic Particles

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Presentation transcript:

Atoms and Subatomic Particles Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter.

Subatomic Particles That Make Up Atoms There are 3 types of subatomic particles. 1. electrons (e–) : outside nucleus “-” charge very little mass 2. protons (p+) : make up nucleus “+” charge 1 amu (atomic mass unit) 3. neutrons (n0): make up nucleus no charge 1 amu

Atomic Number and Mass Number Elements are often symbolized with their atomic number and average atomic mass number. Mass number and atomic number can be found using the periodic table. 17 Cl 35.453 Atomic number Average atomic mass

Calculating Subatomic Particles 1. You need your Periodic Table to determine protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons = the atomic number Electrons = the atomic number (in a neutral atom) 17 Cl 35.453

Calculating Subatomic Particles Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic # Example Round the average atomic mass to the nearest whole number (for Cl, 35.453 rounds to 35) Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic # Neutrons = 35 – 17 = 18 17 Cl 35.453

Calculate # of p+, n0, e– for Ca, Ar, and Br. Atomic Mass p+ n0 e– Ca 20 40 20 20 20 Ar 18 40 18 22 18 Br 35 80 35 45 35