How Congress is Organized

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Presentation transcript:

How Congress is Organized 7th Grade Civics Miss Smith *pgs. 140-142 Civics in Practice

Terms and Sessions Terms of Congress Begin: noon January 3rd of odd- numbered years (stated in the 20th Amendment) Ends: 2 years later Congress meets at least once per year

Terms and Sessions Terms are divided into 2 sessions (1 session per year of term) Sessions also begin on January 3rd Sessions adjourn (or end) when legislative work is done The Senate and the House meet separately They meet together occasionally (a joint session) ex: During the president’s State of the Union address

Organization of Congress Constitution lists 3 rules: House of Reps must select a presiding officer The vice president of US is president of Senate Must select a senator to preside in VP’s absence

Organization of Congress At the beginning of each term, Republican and Democratic Party members meet in separate private meetings (or party caucuses) Here they choose their own leaders within Congress The political party that has the most members in each house is called the majority party The party with the fewest is the minority party

Organization of the Senate The president pro tempore presides over the daily meetings in the vice president’s absence The “floor leaders” are: The majority leader The minority leader Each leader has a “party whip”: They try to get votes for their party’s legislation

Organization of the Senate There are about 20 committees that: Consider legislation Hold hearings There are subcommittees that consider legislation before it gets to the full committee Each (sub)committee has a: Chairperson- this person is a member of the majority party Ranking minority member- this is the highest ranking/longest serving member of the min. party

Organization of the House of Representatives The Speaker of the House presides over the House when it is in session The Speaker is: always a member of the majority party the most powerful officer of the House the biggest influence on the order of business 2nd in the US presidential line of succession

Organization of the House of Representatives Committee structure is very similar to committee structure in the Senate