ABIOTIC CYCLES WE WILL: YOU WILL:.

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ABIOTIC CYCLES WE WILL: YOU WILL:

The Carbon Cycle 3 4 2 6 5 1 Free CO2 is found in the atmosphere Plants take in CO2 in order to perform photosynthesis. They release O2 . Animals breathe in O2 and give off CO2 as exhaled waste during respiration. Dead organisms release carbon into the soil as they decompose. Fossil fuels (like oil) are produced from the carbon of dead organisms . Carbon in the soil is used by roots of plants. It is also released into the oceans and used by aquatic plants during photosynthesis.

The Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen fertilizes the soil with important nutrients that plants need to grow.

Nitrogen is found in the atmosphere in the form of N2 Nitrogen fixation – bacteria “fix” nitrogen so it can be used by plants Nitrates (NO3-) are converted to ammonium (NH4+) by enzymes (biological chemicals that help reactions happen) in a process called Nitrification. Ammonium is taken in by plants through a process called assimilation (when nitrogen fixing is not possible) to help them grow 3 4 2 1

5. Dead organisms release ammonia back into the soil 5. Dead organisms release ammonia back into the soil. This is called ammonification. Fungus (mushrooms) help with this process. Ammonia mixes with the oxygen in the soil and creates Nitrites (NO2-) and Nitrates (NO3-). This is a problem because the negative charge doesn’t let the nitrogen mix with the soil. Enzymes found in animal waste mix with the Nitrites and Nitrates to convert them back to N2 which is released into the atmosphere. This is called Denitrification. 3 4 2 1 7 6 5

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