“Viewing Cells”.

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Presentation transcript:

“Viewing Cells”

EARLY MICROSCOPES Zacharias Janssen - made 1st compound microscope a Dutch maker of reading glasses (late 1500’s)

Leeuwenhoek made a simple microscope (mid 1600’s) magnified 270X Early microscope lenses made images larger but the image was not clear

Leeuwenhoek's microscope A) a screw for adjusting the height of the object being examined B) a metal plate serving as the body C) a skewer to impale the object and rotate it D) the lens itself, which was spherical

MODERN MICROSCOPES A microscope is simple or compound depending on how many lenses it contains A lens makes an enlarged image & directs light towards you eye

A simple microscope has one lens Similar to a magnifying glass Microscopes have two characteristics Magnification is the change in apparent size produced by a microscope Resolution refers to the amount of detail seen when viewing a specimen: poor = blurry good = clear and sharp -the ability to show objects that are close together as separate and distinct

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE A compound microscope has multiple lenses (eyepiece & objective lenses) Resolution 200nm

TOTAL MAGNIFICATION Powers of the eyepiece (10X) multiplied by objective lenses determine total magnification.

STEREOMICROSCOPE creates a 3D image Low magnification Used for larger specimens Also called a dissecting microscope

ELECTRON MICROSCOPES More powerful; some can magnify up to 1,000,000X Use a magnetic field in a vacuum to bend beams of electrons Images must be photographed or produced electronically Specimens can only be dead

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) produces 2D image of thinly sliced specimen detailed cell parts (only inside a cell) can be observed High magnification Resolution 0.2nm

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Electron microscope image of a spider Thicker specimens can be used produces realistic 3D image only the surface of specimen can be observed Smaller magnification but greater contrast and depth Resolution 10nm Electron microscope image of a fly foot

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) able to show arrangement of atoms