0:56 0:55 0:54 0:53 0:57 0:58 1:02 1:01 1:00 0:59 0:52 0:51 0:44 0:43 0:42 0:41 0:45 0:46 0:50 0:49 0:48 0:47 1:03 1:04 1:19 1:18 1:17 1:16 1:20 1:21 1:25 1:24 1:23 1:22 1:15 1:14 1:08 1:07 1:06 1:05 1:09 1:10 1:13 1:12 1:11 0:40 0:39 0:09 0:08 0:07 0:06 0:10 0:11 0:15 0:14 0:13 0:12 0:05 0:04 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:03 0:02 0:01 0:00 0:16 0:17 0:32 0:31 0:30 0:29 0:33 0:34 0:38 0:37 0:36 0:35 0:28 0:27 0:21 0:20 0:19 0:18 0:22 0:23 0:26 0:25 0:24 3:00 1:26 2:30 2:29 2:28 2:27 2:31 2:32 2:36 2:35 2:34 2:33 2:26 2:25 2:18 2:17 2:16 2:15 2:19 2:20 2:24 2:23 2:22 2:21 2:37 2:38 2:53 2:52 2:51 2:50 2:54 2:55 2:59 2:58 2:57 2:56 2:49 2:48 2:42 2:41 2:40 2:39 2:43 2:44 2:47 2:46 2:45 1:27 2:14 1:43 1:42 1:41 1:40 1:44 1:45 1:49 1:48 1:47 1:46 1:39 1:38 1:31 1:30 1:29 1:28 1:32 1:33 1:37 1:36 1:35 1:34 2:13 1:50 2:06 2:05 2:04 2:03 2:07 2:08 2:12 2:11 2:10 2:09 1:51 2:02 1:55 1:54 1:53 1:52 2:01 1:56 2:00 1:57 1:59 1:58 Do Now Which atom is larger and why: Na or Mg Which atom has a higher Electronegativity and why: Na or Fr Na or Cl

Properties of Groups

Groups of elements Group I – alkali metals Forms a “base” when reacting with water Group 2 – alkaline earth metals Also form bases with water; do not dissolve well, hence “earth metals” Group 17 – halogens Means “salt-forming”

Electron Configurations in Groups Elements are sorted into different groups based on their electron configurations: Noble gases Representative elements Transition metals Inner transition metals

Electron Configurations in Groups Noble gases Group 18 A.K.A. “inert gases” because they rarely take part in a reaction full outer shell of 8 electrons (except He which has 2 electrons)

Electron Configurations in Groups Representative Elements Groups 1,2 and 13-17 Display wide range of properties, a good “representative” Consist of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids Some are solid, liquid or gas at STP They do not have a full valence shell

Electron Configurations in Groups Transition metals groups 3-12 A “transition” between the metal area and the nonmetal area Examples are gold, copper, silver

Electron Configurations in Groups Inner Transition Metals located below the main body of the table, in two horizontal rows Formerly called “rare-earth” metals

Elements in the 1,2,13-17 groups are called the representative elements 18 2 13 14 15 16 17

The group 3-12 are called the transition metals These are called the inner transition metals, and they belong here

Group 1 are the alkali metals (not Hydrogen) Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals H

Group 18 are the noble gases Group 17 is called the halogens

H 1 Li 3 Na 11 K 19 Rb 37 Cs 55 Fr 87 1 2-1 2-8-1 2-8-8-1 2-8-18-8-1 2-8-18-18-8-1 2-8-18-32-18-8-1 Do you notice any similarity in these configurations of the alkali metals?

Do you notice any similarity in the configurations of the noble gases? 2 2-8 2-8-8 2-8-18-8 2-8-18-18-8 2-8-18-32-18-8 He Do you notice any similarity in the configurations of the noble gases? 2 Ne 10 Ar 18 Kr 36 Xe 54 Rn 86