Functional Outcomes in Traumatic Disorders of Consciousness: 5-Year Outcomes From the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems  John Whyte, MD, PhD, Risa Nakase-Richardson, PhD, Flora M. Hammond, MD, Shane McNamee, MD, Joseph T. Giacino, PhD, Kathleen Kalmar, PhD, Brian D. Greenwald, MD, Stuart A. Yablon, MD, Lawrence J. Horn, MD  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  Volume 94, Issue 10, Pages 1855-1860 (October 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.10.041 Copyright © 2013 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 (A, B) The proportion of participants in the early recovery sample (A) and late recovery sample (B) who were rated as independent in various functional domains. (C) The proportion of participants in the late recovery sample who were rated as nondependent (ie, assisting in or independent in function). In all 3 panels, the specific functional domains are listed along the X axis (AMB, ambulation/wheelchair; BATH, bathing; COMP, language comprehension; DRESS-L, lower body dressing; DRESS-U, upper body dressing; EAT, eating; EXPR, language expression; GROOM, grooming; MEM, memory; PROBSOLV, problem solving; SOCINTER, social interaction; STAIRS, stair climbing; TOIL, toileting; TRANS-B/C, bed to chair transfers; TRANS-TOI, toilet transfers; TRANS-TUB, tub and shower transfers; incontinence of bowel and bladder was not analyzed) and the percentage of participants functioning independently in each domain on the Y axis. The different assessment time points are shown in different line styles which, overall, rise over time (discharge, solid line; 1y, long dashes; 2y, short dashes; 5y, dotted; note that the discharge scores are not visible in B because no participants were conscious or independent at the point of discharge). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2013 94, 1855-1860DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.10.041) Copyright © 2013 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions