Extensive deployment of the stented elephant trunk is associated with an increased risk of spinal cord injury Jorge Flores, MD, PhD, Takashi Kunihara,

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Extensive deployment of the stented elephant trunk is associated with an increased risk of spinal cord injury Jorge Flores, MD, PhD, Takashi Kunihara, MD, PhD, Norihiko Shiiya, MD, PhD, Kimihiro Yoshimoto, MD, PhD, Kenji Matsuzaki, MD, Keishu Yasuda, MD, PhD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 131, Issue 2, Pages 336-342 (February 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050 Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Schema of thoracic aortic aneurysm repair by means of the stented elephant trunk (SET) technique: A, SET deployment after opening of the aortic aneurysmal sac; B, repair of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm by means of the SET technique; C, concomitant reconstruction of an aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysm by means of the SET technique. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Relationship between postoperative spinal cord injury and level of stented elephant trunk deployment at the descending aorta. T, Thoracic vertebral level. Open bar graphs, Patients without spinal cord injury; filled bar graphs, patients with postoperative spinal cord injury. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Relationship between postoperative spinal cord injury and atherosclerosis of the descending thoracic aorta for distal landing zone. Open bar graphs, Patients without spinal cord injury; filled bar graphs, patients with postoperative spinal cord injury. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Relationship between postoperative spinal cord injury and history of previous abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Open bar graphs, Patients without spinal cord injury; filled bar graphs, patients with postoperative spinal cord injury. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Relationship between postoperative spinal cord injury and combination of distal landing zone level at T7 or greater and history of previous abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Open bar graphs, Patients without spinal cord injury; filled bar graphs, patients with postoperative spinal cord injury. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Kaplan-Meier survival curve after thoracic aortic aneurysm repair by means of the stented elephant trunk technique. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 336-342DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.09.050) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions