WHO Statistics, 2000 Dr. Rüdiger Krech A/Regional Adviser, Healthy Ageing World Health Organization

Death, by broad cause group, 1999 Noncommunicable conditions (59.8%) Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies (31.1%) Injuries (9.1%)

Global burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), 1999 Noncommunicable conditions (43.2%) Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies (42.8%) Injuries (13.9%)

Global distribution of causes of death,1999 (000s) Other Noncommunicable Diseases (2137) Injuries (5101) Digestive Diseases (2049) Other causes (800) Respiratory Diseases (3575) Perinatal conditions (2356) Nutritional deficiences (493) Malaria (1086) HIV/AIDS (2673) Tuberculosis (1669) Cardiovascular Diseases (16970) Diarrhoeal diseases (2213) Respiratory Infections (4039) Neuropsychiatric Disorders (911) Childhood diseases (1554) Diabetes (777) Maternal Conditions (497) Malignant neoplasms (7065)

Global burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), Injuries (201307) Other causes (59025) Perinatal conditions (89508) Other Noncommunicable diseases (99420) Nutritional deficiences (44539) Digestive diseases (36829) Malaria (44998) Respiratory diseases (70017) HIV/AIDS (89819) Tuberculosis (33287) Cardiovascular diseases (157185) Diarrhoeal diseases (72063) Respiratory infections (101127) Childhood diseases (54638) Neuropsychiatric disorders (158721) Maternal conditions (26101) Diabetes (15070) Malignant neoplasms (84500)

Deaths, by broad cause group and WHO Region,1999 % 75 Noncommunicable conditions Injuries 50 Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies 25 AFR EMR SEAR WPR AMR EUR

DALYS, by broad cause group and WHO Region,1999 DALY = Disability adjusted life-year % 75 Noncommunicable conditions 50 Injuries Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies 25 AFR EMR SEAR WPR AMR EUR

Leading causes of death, both sexes, 1998 *) Leading causes of death, both sexes, 1998 Low- and Middle-Income Countries by age Noncommunicable conditions Injuries Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies 0-4 Years 5-14 Years 15-44 Years 45-59 Years >60 Years *) 15 leading causes Source: World Health Report 1999 Database Source: World Health Report 1999 Database

Leading causes of burden of disease, both sexes, *) Leading causes of burden of disease, both sexes, 1998 Low- and Middle-Income Countries by age Noncommunicable conditions Injuries Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies 0-4 Years 5-14 Years 15-44 Years 45-59 Years >60 Years *) 15 leading causes Source: World Health Report 1999 Database

DALYs, by broad cause group 1990 - 2020 in developing countries (baseline scenario) % % Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies 22 49 21 Injuries 14 15 Neuropsychiatric disorders 9 43 27 Noncommunicable conditions Source: WHO, Evidence, Information and Policy, 2000

Increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases and injuries change in rank order of DALYs for the 15 leading causes (baseline scenario) 1999 Disease or Injury 2020 Disease or Injury 1 Acute lower respiratory infections 2.HIV/AIDS 3.Perinatal conditions 4.Diarrhoeal diseases 5.Unipolar major depression 6.Ischaemic heart disease 7.Cerebrovascular disease 8.Malaria 9.Road traffic injuries 10.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 11.Congenital abnormalities 12.Tuberculosis 13.Falls 14.Measles 15.Anaemias 1. Ischaemic heart disease 2. Unipolar major depression 3. Road traffic injuries 4. Cerebrovascular disease 5 .Chronic obstructive pulmonary 6. Lower respiratory infections 7. Tuberculosis 8. War 9. Diarrhoeal diseases 10.HIV 11.Perinatal conditions 12.Violence 13.Congenital abnormalities 14.Self-inflicted injuries 15.Trachea, bronchus and lung cancers Source: WHO, Evidence, Information and Policy, 2000 DALY = Disability-adjusted life year

principal causes (% of deaths) among poorest 20% of global population principal causes (% of deaths) Respiratory Infections (13.4) Diarrheal Diseases (11.3) intentional and unintentional Injuries (9.4) Other (8.5) Perinatal Conditions (7.9) Childhood Cluster Diseases (7.8) Ischaemic Heart Disease (7.3) Tuberculosis (6.2) Malignant Neoplasms (5.6) Cerebrovascular Diseases (4.6) Maternal Conditions (1.4) Congenital Abnormalities (1.3) Inflammatory and Rheumatic Heart Diseases (1.2) Genito-Urinary Conditions (1.1) HIV/AIDS (0.9) Neuropsychiatric Conditions (0.8) Diabetis Mellitus (0.7) Malaria (3.6) Respiratory Diseases (2.7) Digestive Diseases (2.5) Nutritional Deficiencies (1.8) Source: The Burden of Disease among the Global Poor, World Bank 2000

principal causes (% of DALYs) among poorest 20% of global population principal causes (% of DALYs) intentional and unintentional Injuries (13.1) Respiratory Infections (11.8) Diarrheal Diseases (11) Other (10.4) Perinatal Conditions (8.8) Childhood Cluster Diseases (8.1) Respiratory Diseases (2.4) Malignant Neoplasms (2.3) Digestive Diseases (2.1) Congenital Abnormalities (2) Ischaemic Heart Disease (1.9) Cerebrovascular Disease (1.5) HIV/AIDS (1) Inflammatory and Rheumatic Heart Diseases (0.9) Genito-Urinary Diseases (0.7) Diabetes (0.5) Neuropsychiatric Conditions (5.4) Nutritional Deficiencies (4.5) Maternal Conditions (3.9) Malaria (3.9) Tuberculosis (3.8) Source: The Burden of Disease among the Global Poor, World Bank 2000

Distribution of causes of death in Africa, 1999 (000s) Perinatal conditions (615) Nutritional deficiencies (180) Malaria (953) Other causes (255) Injuries (776) HIV/AIDS (2154) Noncommunicable conditions (2300) Tuberculosis (357) Diarrhoeal diseases (765) Maternal Conditions (255) Respiratory infections (1086) Childhood diseases (740)

Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Africa, 1999 (000s) Other causes (23075) Injuries (36103) Perinatal conditions (24097) Nutritional deficiencies (11037) Noncommunicable conditions (63681) Malaria (36838) Maternal conditions (12525) HIV/AIDS (74449) Childhood diseases (25742) Tuberculosis (8721) Respiratory infections (32771) Diarrhoeal diseases (24321)

Distribution of causes of death in Americas, 1999 (000s) Injuries (552) Respiratory infections (299) Perinatal conditions (153) Other causes (101) HIV/AIDS (81) Diarrhoeal diseases (74) Nutritional deficiencies (72) Tuberculosis (59) Childhood diseases (21) Noncommunicable conditions (4255) Maternal conditions (18) Malaria (2)

Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Americas, 1999 (000s) Injuries (17738) Other causes (4536) Perinatal conditions (5566) Respiratory infections (4204) Nutritional deficiencies (2733) HIV/AIDS (2812) Diarrhoeal diseases (2514) Maternal conditions (1207) Noncommunicable conditions (82909) Tuberculosis (1114) Childhood diseases (533) Malaria (76)

Distribution of causes of death in the Eastern Mediterranean, 1999 (000s) Other causes (80) Injuries (405) Perinatal conditions (313) Nutritional deficiencies (44) Malaria (44) HIV/AIDS (29) Tuberculosis (112) Diarrhoeal diseases (300) Noncommunicable conditions (2318) Respiratory infections (343) Childhood diseases (191) Maternal conditions (39)

in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Eastern Mediterranean,1999 (000s) Injuries (13214) Other causes (4931) Perinatal conditions (11755) Nutritional deficiencies (4119) Malaria (2774) HIV/AIDS (2172) Tuberculosis (2260) Diarrhoeal diseases (10123) Noncommunicable conditions (51039) Respiratory infections (10916) Childhood diseases (6560) Maternal conditions (2720)

Distribution of causes of death in Europe, 1999 (000s) Injuries (750) Respiratory infections (275) Perinatal conditions (62) Tuberculosis (60) Other causes (58) Diarrhoeal diseases (30) HIV/AIDS (15) Nutritional deficiencies (14) Childhood diseases (13) Maternal conditions (4) Noncommunicable conditions (7776)

in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Europe,1999 (000s) Injuries (19323) Respiratory infections (3509) Perinatal conditions (2370) Other causes (1921) Tuberculosis (1258) Nutritional deficiencies (1152) Diarrhoeal diseases (1131) HIV/AIDS (725) Childhood diseases (477) Maternal conditions (451) Malaria (2) Noncommunicable conditions (104032)

Distribution of causes of death in South-East Asia, 1999 (000s) Injuries (1301) Other causes (236) Perinatal conditions (851) Nutritional deficiencies (159) Malaria (69) HIV/AIDS (360) Tuberculosis (723) Diarrhoeal diseases (978) Noncommunicable conditions (7370) Respiratory infections (1523) Childhood diseases (542) Maternal conditions (158)

in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in South-East Asia,1999 (000s) Other causes (19693) Injuries (65289) Perinatal conditions (32715) Nutritional deficiencies (16866) Malaria (3071) HIV/AIDS (8866) Tuberculosis (14101) Diarrhoeal diseases (30017) Noncommunicable conditions (156536) Respiratory infections (38144) Childhood diseases (19449) Maternal conditions (7733)

Distribution of causes of death in Western Pacific, 1999 (000s) Injuries (1317) Respiratory infections (514) Perinatal conditions (363) Tuberculosis (359) Other causes (75) Diarrhoeal diseases (67) Childhood diseases (47) HIV/AIDS (34) Noncommunicable Conditions (9462) Nutritional deficiencies (22) Maternal conditions (21) Malaria (16)

in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Western Pacific, 1999 (000s) Injuries (49641) Perinatal conditions (13005) Respiratory infections (11584) Nutritional deficiencies (8633) Tuberculosis (5832) Other causes (4872) Diarrhoeal diseases (3955) Malaria (2235) Childhood diseases (1875) Noncommunicable conditions (163546) Maternal conditions (1466) HIV/AIDS (795)

Tobacco: deaths by World Bank regions estimates for 1990 and 2020 8.4 million Middle Eastern Crescent Latin America & Caribbean Sub-Saharan Africa Other Asia and Islands China 3 million India Former Socialist Countries Established Market Economies Source: Murray CJL, Lopez AD 1996

Deaths (% of total) attributable to tobacco use by World Bank Region, estimates for 1990 and 2020 2020 1990 Source: Murray CJL, Lopez AD 1996

Cardiovascular (CVD) epidemic in countries of different stages of development -----1940-----1950-----1960-----1970-----1980-----1990-----2000----- High Income Economies Remains as first cause of death & disability Reach the peak Progressive decline Rapid increase Economies in Transition First cause of death & disability Reach the peak in some countries Slow increase Rapid increase First cause of death & disability in most countries Middle and Low Income Countries Low rates Slow increase Rapid in most countries Source: WHO, NMH/MNC

Low- and middle-income countries suffer the greatest impact on noncommunicable diseases 77% of the total number of deaths attributable to NCDs occurred in developing countries 85% of the global NCD disease burden is borne by low- and middle-income countries Source: WHO: WHA A53/14, 2000