Components of the Queuing System

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Waiting Line Management

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Presentation transcript:

Components of the Queuing System Chap 8A. Waiting Line Management Components of the Queuing System Servers Waiting Line Servicing System Queue or Customer Arrivals Exit 3

Customer Service Population Sources Finite Infinite Example: Number of machines needing repair when a company only has three machines. Example: The number of people who could wait in a line for gasoline. 4

Service Pattern Service Times Constant Variable Example: Items coming down an automated assembly line. Example: People spending time shopping. 5

The Queuing System Queuing System Length Number of Lines & Queue Discipline Number of Lines & Line Structures Queuing System Service Time Distribution

Examples of Line Structures Single Phase Multiphase One-person barber shop Car wash Hospital admissions Bank tellers’ windows Single Channel Multichannel 6

Degree of Patience No Way! No Way! BALK RENEG 7

Suggestions for Managing Queues 1. Determine an acceptable waiting time for your customers 2. Try to divert your customer’s attention when waiting 3. Inform your customers of what to expect 4. Keep employees not serving the customers out of sight 5. Segment customers 6. Train your servers to be friendly 7. Encourage customers to come during the slack periods 8. Take a long-term perspective toward getting rid of the queues 8

Waiting Line Models Source Model Layout Population Service Pattern 1 Single channel Infinite Exponential 2 Single channel Infinite Constant 3 Multichannel Infinite Exponential 4 Single or Multi Finite Exponential These four models share the following characteristics: · Single phase · Poisson arrival · FCFS · Unlimited queue length 10

Notation: Infinite Queuing: Models 1-3

Infinite Queuing Models 1-3 (Continued)

Example: Model 1 Assume a drive-up window at a fast food restaurant. Customers arrive at the rate of 25 per hour. The employee can serve one customer every two minutes. Assume Poisson arrival and exponential service rates. Determine: A) What is the average utilization of the employee? B) What is the average number of customers in line? C) What is the average number of customers in the system? D) What is the average waiting time in line? E) What is the average waiting time in the system? F) What is the probability that exactly two cars will be in the system? 11

Example: Model 1 What is the average utilization of the employee? B) What is the average number of customers in line? C) What is the average number of customers in the system? 12

Example: Model 1 D) What is the average waiting time in line? E) What is the average waiting time in the system? F) What is the probability that exactly two cars will be in the system (one being served and the other waiting in line)? 14

Example: Model 2 An automated pizza vending machine heats and dispenses a slice of pizza in 4 minutes. Customers arrive at a rate of one every 6 minutes with the arrival rate exhibiting a Poisson distribution. Determine: A) The average number of customers in line. B) The average total waiting time in the system. A) The average number of customers in line. B) The average total waiting time in the system. 16

Example: Model 3 Recall the Model 1 example: Drive-up window at a fast food restaurant. Customers arrive at the rate of 25 per hour. The employee can serve one customer every two minutes. Assume Poisson arrival and exponential service rates. If an identical window (and an identically trained server) were added, what would the effects be on the average number of cars in the system and the total time customers wait before being served? Average number of cars in the system: Total time customers wait before being served 18