SCIENTIFIC METHOD REVIEW.

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SCIENTIFIC METHOD REVIEW

5 MAJOR STEPS Observation/Ask a question Develop a hypothesis (testable) Design a controlled experiment Record and analyze data Draw conclusions

HYPOTHESIS A scientific explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or possible answer to a scientific problem that must be testable through experimentation.

THEORY A broad and comprehensive explanation of some aspect of the natural world, which is based on a large body of evidence, that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through many observations and experiments.

CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT Experiments are used to test hypotheses. Experiments are designed to search for Cause and Effect Relationships in nature. Cause = Independent Variable (IV) Effect = Dependent Variable (DV)

CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT A controlled experiment works with one variable at a time. The experiment is based on a comparison between a control group and an experimental group.

THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE IS THE FACTOR THAT IS TESTED BY THE SCIENTIST. The CAUSE THE CONTROLLED VARIABLES (CONSTANTS) ARE THE FACTORS THAT ARE NOT BEING TESTED. THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE IS THE FACTOR THAT IS BEING OBSERVED AND MEASURED. The EFFECT VARIABLES

DATA QUANTITATVE DATA ARE QUALTITATVE DATA ARE NUMBERS, OBTAINED BY COUNTING OR MEASURING. QUALTITATVE DATA ARE DESCRIPTIONS AND INVOLVE CHARACTERISTICS THAT CANNOT BE COUNTED .

According to the diagram, which hypothesis is being tested? RED GREEN YELLOW According to the diagram, which hypothesis is being tested? Do flowering plants grow taller in red, green or yellow light? b. How much fertilizer do flowering plants need? c. Does adding fertilizer cause flowering plants to grow taller? d. What is the best kind of soil to make plants grow taller?

What is the Independent Variable (Cause)? The different lights. RED GREEN YELLOW What is the Independent Variable (Cause)? The different lights. What is the Dependent Variable (Effect)? The growth or no growth of the plants. What are the Constant variables? Soil, container, water, temperature. What would be an example of Quantitative Data? Measurement of plant growth. What would be an example of Qualitative Data? Color of the leaves, wilting, overall look of the plants.