The Four Layers of Analysis

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Presentation transcript:

The Four Layers of Analysis 1. The literal meaning: the dictionary definition of the word or phrase that you have chosen; try to identify the writer’s technique like repetition or a metaphor. 2. The deeper meaning: The meaning behind the literal meaning; associated meanings; the connotations; what the word or phrase “suggests” to the reader. 3. The writer’s intention: What did the writer want his audience to understand or learn? What message did he/she want to give the reader and for what reason? When and why was he/she writing? 4. The effect on the reader/audience: How do different readers and audiences react to the text? Why?