One thing I can do to prepare for the test is… March 5, 2018 Bellwork One thing I can do to prepare for the test is… One thing I am worried about with the test is…

Test is still Wednesday Test is still Wednesday. You have had plenty of time to be studying your notes. We will be going over the study guide tomorrow all hour in preparation for the test. MAKE SURE YOU CAN ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

The end of the cardmarking is next Friday The end of the cardmarking is next Friday! Make sure your binder is in order since the binder check could be any day next week.

Test will be multiple choice, matching and fill in the blank Test will be multiple choice, matching and fill in the blank. There will be around 50 questions. Each question is worth 2 points, making the test 100 points.

Week Ahead Monday: Ch. 17, Section 5 Tuesday: Test Review Wednesday: Test Thursday: Ch. 18, Section 1 Friday: Ch. 18, Section 2 Monday: Ch. 18, Section 3

Ch. 17, Section 4: The Home Front

Opportunity And Adjustment World War II was a time of opportunity for most people This was a contrast compared to the Great Depression just a decade prior There were so many jobs available and people had extra money to spend on thins, despite rationing being enforced At the end of WWII, the U.S. was the world’s dominant economic and military power

During WWII, unemployment was at 1.2% Pay rose 10% during war Economic Gains During WWII, unemployment was at 1.2% Pay rose 10% during war Despite problems like long hours, overtime and night shifts, many people were able to save money for their future Some workers invested up to half of their paychecks in war bonds

Economic Gains Farmers prospered during the war and crop production increased 50% Women enjoyed the numerous job openings left by the war. However, most lost their jobs after the war ended. 6 million entered the workforce during the war, boosting the number of women working to 35% A third of these jobs were in industries that were considered dangerous and not previously open to women. Jobs like this allowed women to make more and more challenge in the work place.

Population Shifts Mass migration was evident during the war American who had family who had lived in worked one place for decades up and moved to find better opportunity elsewhere A million people migrated to California between 1941-1944 Towns with defense industries saw their population double and, in some cases, triple, overnight Many African Americans left the South for work in the North in record numbers

Social Adjustments With millions of men sent off to war, the women and children tried to adjust the best they could Since money still needed to be made, women went off to work. This caused many children to either be left home alone, be left with neighbors or family or go to childcare centers. Teenagers were left home alone. When fathers returned from war, there was often a period of readjustment for the entire family. The war caused many to rush in to marriage since men could be sent overseas at a moment’s notice

Social Adjustments In 1944, the GI Bill was passed. Its purpose was to help men transition back into civilian life Provided education and training for veteran, which was paid for by the government Half of the veterans chose to attend college or technical school, thanks to the GI Bill This act also allowed veterans to take out loans for homes or farms or to start a new business

Discrimination And Reaction The war allowed African Americans to make some progress in Civil Rights They left the South, oftentimes for the Midwest. In the Midwest, there were better jobs available. When African Americans moved, more often than not, they faced discrimination James Farmer: civil rights leader who found an interracial organization called Congress of Racial Equality(CORE) to fight discrimination in the north Staged the first sit in at a restaurant in Chicago

Discrimination and Reaction Tensions rose as African Americans moved to heavily populated cities In 1943, racial violence seemed to sweep across the country June 1943, Detroit: Blacks and whites at a beach on the Detroit River had a confrontation. This spread into a riot and white sailors joined in Lasted for three days and was fueled by a rumor that a black woman and her child were killed by whites. And that, in return, 17 white people were killed Ended when Roosevelt sent in federal troops. After it was over, 9 whites and 25 black people were killed

Tensions In Los Angeles Mexican Americans also faced prejudice 1943: Los Angeles Anti Mexican riots 11 sailors claimed they had been attacked by Mexican American wearing “Zoot suits” Led to mobs invading Mexican neighborhoods and attacking zoot suit wearers. They beat anyone wearing these suits. Attack lasted a week and lead to hundreds of Mexican American youth being beaten Although they faced much prejudice, most Mexican Americans believed their contributions to the war would lead to a better future

Internment of Japanese Americans Mexican Americans and African Americans faced discrimination. The worst discrimination was towards Japanese Americans At the start of war, 120,000 Japanese Americans lived in the U.S., primarily on the West coast After Pearl Harbor, many people were so panic stricken they believed that the Japanese would again attack. They believed the Japanese Americans were sabotaging by poisoning vegetables and mining coastal harbors Early in 1942, the War Department caused for a mass evacuation of the Japanese Americans in Hawaii

Internment Of Japanese Americans The military governor of Hawaii, General Delos Emmons, refused to follow the order since 37% of Hawaii’s population was made up of Japanese Americans If they were removed, the economy would have collapsed and the US military operations would have been hindered Eventually he was forced to follow the order, internment, of 1444 Japanese Americans

Internment of Japanese Americans The west coast of the U.S. was still fearing for what the Japanese Americans may do Japanese Americans only made up 1% of the population but were still considered a threat Newspapers printed false headlines about Japanese Americans February 19, 1942: Roosevelt signed an order requiring the removal of Japanese people from California and Arizona, as well as parts of Washington and Oregon This was “necessary for national security” according to the military The army rounded up around 110,000 Japanese Americans and shipped them to “relocation centers”. This was a nicer word for prison camps.

Interment of Japanese Americans 2/3 of the people sent to the prison camps were people who were born to parents who had emigrated from Japan Thousands had joined the U.S. armed forces No charges filed against Japanese Americans and no evidence of subversion was found Families were forced to sell their homes and businesses and belongings 1944: Court case decided the evacuation was justified, Japanese Americans were discouraged

Interment of Japanese Americans After the war, the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) pushed the government to compensate those forced into the camps for all their lost property In 1965, Congress authorized the spending of $38 million for that purpose, which ended up being less than a tenth of the actual losses The JACL continued to fight and in 1975, they called for the payment of reparations, to each individual that suffered internment Congress passed this a decade later and gave $20,000 to each person forced into an interment camp