Long-term results of surgical valvuloplasty for congenital valvar aortic stenosis in children  Claude C Chartrand, MD, Enrique Saro-Servando, MD, Jitka.

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Long-term results of surgical valvuloplasty for congenital valvar aortic stenosis in children  Claude C Chartrand, MD, Enrique Saro-Servando, MD, Jitka Suzanne Vobecky, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 68, Issue 4, Pages 1356-1359 (October 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00909-1

Fig 1 Gradients before and after the first valvuloplasty. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1356-1359DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00909-1)

Fig 2 Actuarial survival after initial valvuloplasty (67 patients). The vertical bar indicates 70% confidence limits. The numbers in parenthesis are the numbers of patients for each interval. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1356-1359DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00909-1)

Fig 3 Gradients before and after the second valvuloplasty. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1356-1359DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00909-1)

Fig 4 Actuarial freedom from aortic valve replacement and reoperation after initial valvuloplasty. The vertical bar indicates 70% confidence limits. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1356-1359DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00909-1)