Topic of assignment. Shaper machine. Construction. Working principle. Operations.

Shaper machine. Define: A shaper is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the work piece and a single point cutting tool to machine a linear tool path. Its cut is analogous to that of a lathe, except that it is linear instead of helical.

Shaper Machine

Major Components of a Shaper Machine. Base Column Table Ram Tool head

Shaper machine. Base: The base of Shaper machine is well ribbed to provide stability, which can be fitted on the foundation bolts. The column of Shaper machine is of heavy box section. Wide front and ram slides accurately scrapped ensuring rigidity and alignment when the full power of machine is utilized.

Column Column/ frame: main body its casting is done by mixing scrap and also properly ribbed for rigidity. The prism ram slide are sufficiently wide. Correct design and proper weight is description eliminate the vibration.

Table It is accurately machined having T-slots on the top and slide surfaces. The table can be swiveled at any angle around and accurately graduated circular disc.

Ram   Ram is the main moving part of the shaper. It holds and drives the single point cutting tool back and forth across the work.

Tool head. The tool head is designed to hold the cutting tools. It is attached to the front of the ram. It may be swiveled to a required angle to the left or right with respect to vertical slide of tool head and locked in place with the help of a bolt or screw. The tool post is fastened to a clapper box.

Tool head

Working principle. The job is suitable device like a vice or clamped directly on the table. The tool is held on the tool post mounted on the ram of machine. The ram is reciprocating forward and backward. Cutting of material is take place in forward direction and no cutting in return stroke of the ram. so return stroke is called ‘Idle‘ stroke.

Working principle.

Working shaper machine.

Tool shearing. In this process the tool is cutting the material on the surface of the work piece where the face of the work piece is uneven. The clapper box helps to avoid damage to machine surface during the return stroke of the tool.

Clapper box.

Tool shearing.

Opreations. The work piece mounts on a rigid, box- shaped table in front of the machine. The height of the table can be adjusted to suit this work piece, and the table can traverse sideways underneath the reciprocating tool, which is mounted on the ram.

Operation Table motion may be controlled manually, but is usually advanced by an automatic feed mechanism acting on the feed screw. The ram slides back and forth above the work. Ram moves faster on the return (non- cutting) stroke than on the forward, cutting stroke.

Shaper machine

Operation At the front end of the ram is a vertical tool slide. This tool-slide holds the clapper box and tool post, from which the tool can be positioned to cut a straight, flat surface on the top of the work piece. The tool-slide permits feeding the tool downwards to deepen a cut.

Operation The most common use is to machine straight, flat surfaces, but with some accessories a wide range of work can be done. Like

Shaper opreation. Marking work piece Contour cutting

Shaper opreation. Making of dovetail. Making a chuck key.

Shaper opreation. Making a V-block Making a rack.