KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

What is the purpose of Cellular Respiration? To release energy from food molecules and make ATP! Why do we need ATP? To run chemical reactions that keep us alive and functioning

The Cellular Respiration Equation

Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria. mitochondrion animal cell

Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis must take place first. anaerobic process (does not require oxygen) takes place in cytoplasm splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules pyruvic acid or pyruvate produces two ATP molecules

Glycolysis Review Questions Where does glycolysis take place? Glycolysis energy yield? Breaks glucose into TWO ________. Is Oxygen required?

The Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria (intermembrane space) Uses the products of glycolysis (pyruvic acid or pyruvate) which are first converted to Acetyl CoA Produces a small amount of ATP (2 molecules) Produces carbon dioxide as a waste product Sends high energy electrons to the electron transport chain with electron carrying molecules NADH and FADH2

Krebs Cycle Review Questions Where does the Krebs Cycle take place? What are the products of the Krebs Cycle? What are the molecules produced that carry electrons to the electron transport chain? How much ATP is produced in the Krebs Cycle?

The Electron Transport Chain Uses high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP NADH and FADH2 carry the electrons through the ETC Most of the energy in cellular respiration comes from the ETC! Up to 34 ATP molecules

Electron Transport Chain Electrons carried by coenzymes NADH and FADH2 pass through a series of membrane-bound proteins (the ETC) in the inner membranes of the mitochondria of eukaryotes Oxygen is required to accept the “used” electrons and H+ ions at the end of the chain without oxygen to form water and remove the H+ and electrons, the entire system stops!

Electron Transport Chain Review Questions Where does the electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria? What chemicals carry electrons to the electron transport chain? Why is oxygen required for aerobic respiration? How many ATP molecules can be produced from the ETC?

Cellular Respiration is like a mirror image of photosynthesis C6H12O6 granum (stack of thylakoids) thylakoid sunlight 1 six-carbon sugar 6H2O 6CO2 6O2 chloroplast 1 2 4 3 energy stroma 6H O 2 6CO 6O mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 4 3 and

The equation for the overall cellular respiration process is: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O The equation for the overall photosynthesis process is: 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Function Location Reactants Products Equation Energy Storage Energy Release Chloroplasts Mitochondria CO2 and H2O C6H12O6 and O2 C6H12O6 and O2 CO2 and H2O 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O