4.27.11 Agenda 20.1 continued…

Quiz Give one reason why people were attracted to communism in Nicaragua and Cuba. What was the point of sending UN troops to Korea? Who was Fidel Castro? T or F – The Vietnam war was originally a fight between imperialists and nationalists. T or F – In the late 1980s the US and Soviet Union agreed to reduce their supply of nuclear weapons. Who was Mao Zedong?

Quiz What was the main goal of China’s Great Leap Forward. Why did communist governments discourage organized religion? What is Perestroika? What happened at Tiananmen Square? In what country were economic reforms more successful than political reforms?

Quiz T or F – Nations base foreign policy decisions based on their own self-interest. (38) Since India’s independence, the government has had the greatest success in what? (50) Why is the caste system still practiced in India? (54) An Islamic fundamentalist believes in what? (55) Give an example of an ethnic conflict in Africa. (52) What did Europeans do that led to ethnic conflicts in Africa? (sort of 46)

Drill – The US and Soviet Union both claimed that the build-up of nuclear weapons would help keep the peace. Explain what that meant. Do you agree or disagree? Quiz on the 20.1 outline and today’s notes tomorrow. In your opinion, could the Cold War have been prevented?

To find an awesome copy of questions to review for the exam, do this: Go to: http://regentsprep.org/Regents/core/questions/topics.cfm?Course=GLOB

War in Vietnam Vietnam was once a French colony Ho Chi Minh = Vietnamese nationalist Nationalists join w/ Vietnamese communists to get the French out → French surrender to Ho in 1954 USA freaks out. President Eisenhower proposes a “domino theory” – thinks if one Southeast Asian nation becomes communist, it will spread to others.

Vietnam divided into north and south at the 17th degree parallel N = communist led by Ho Chi Minh S = US and French anti-communist gov’t led by Ngo Dinh Diem Diem is a bad guy. Vietcong forms – communist guerillas who want Diem gone 1963: coup by US-backed S. Vietnamese general to get rid of Diem. Overthrew and assassinated Diem → new leader still sucked

The US gets involved US supported S. Vietnam w/ advisors and weapons prior to 1964 1964, US president Lyndon Johnson told Congress that 2 US destroyer boats were sunk by N. Vietnamese in the Gulf of Tonkin Congress authorizes US troops to go to Vietnam. By 1965, more than 185,000 US troops in Vietnam

US president Nixon knows Vietnam War = unpopular in the US US president Nixon knows Vietnam War = unpopular in the US. Decides to withdraw: Vietnamization (the gradual withdrawal of US forces while S. Vietnamese strengthen their combat role) Nixon also authorized massive bombing raids on N. Vietnam, and neighboring Laos and Cambodia to wipe out Vietcong hiding places

Last US forces out by 1973, and the N. Vietnamese overran S Last US forces out by 1973, and the N. Vietnamese overran S. Vietnam 2 yrs later 1.5 million Vietnamese and 58,000 Americans had been killed during the war

Ongoing turmoil in Cambodia Cambodia = unstable and wrecked by US bombing 1975, communist rebels known as Khmer Rouge set up a brutal gov’t under the leadership of Pol Pot Under Khmer Rouge, 2 million Cambodians were killed in an effort to make Cambodia “rural”. Almost ¼ of Cambodian population was killed.

Pol Pot – Leader of Khmer Rouge The city people were considered like a disease that needed to be contained so that it would not infect areas run by the Khmer Rouge. He also ordered a series of general purges. Former government officials, along with anyone with an education, were singled out in the purges Pol Pot – Leader of Khmer Rouge