Kinetic Theory Explains how particles in matter behave. 16-3

Section 3 Behavior of Gases

Behavior of Gases Distinguish the effect of pressure on the volume in a container (Boyle's Law). Distinguish the effect of temperature on the volume in a container of gas (Charles's Law). Given the Boyle's Law formula, P1V1 = P2V2, calculate the missing pressure or volume. Given the Charles's Law formula, V1T2 = V2T1, calculate the missing temperature or volume. CLE 3202.1.8 Investigate the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of gases and liquids.

Pressure is measured in units called Pascal (Pa). 1. Pressure is the total amount of force exerted by a gas.

2. Pressure depends on the size of its container. 3. Collisions of particles in air result in atmospheric pressure.

4. At sea level pressure is 101.3 kPa. 5. Moving particles colliding with the inside walls of a container result in gas pressure.

Boyle’s Law – relates to pressure and volume.

If you decrease the volume of a container of gas, the pressure increases.

Pressure decreases as volume increases. Pressure multiplied by volume is always equal to a constant if the temperature is constant.

Boyle’s Law http://group.chem.iastate.edu/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/gaslaw/boyles_law_graph.html

Charles’s Law – relates volume and temperature

At a constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases as temperature increases. At a constant pressure volume decreases as temperature decreases.

Charles’s Law

Gay-Lussac’s Law – relates pressure and temperature; at a constant volume, as temperature increases, pressure increases.

Discussion Question What are the variables related in Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law?

Answer Boyle’s – pressure and volume Charles’s – volume and temperature

Charles’s Law

Boyle’s Law

Name the Principle or Process of Phase Change Review Name the Principle or Process of Phase Change

Cont.

Behavior of Gases Distinguish the effect of pressure on the volume in a container (Boyle's Law). Distinguish the effect of temperature on the volume in a container of gas (Charles's Law). Given the Boyle's Law formula, P1V1 = P2V2, calculate the missing pressure or volume. Given the Charles's Law formula, V1T2 = V2T1, calculate the missing temperature or volume. CLE 3202.1.8 Investigate the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of gases and liquids.