Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Note.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.
Advertisements

Is there a place for pressure-support ventilation and high positive end-expiratory pressure combined to alpha-2 agonists early in severe diffuse acute.
The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Airway pressure and flow waveforms during constant flow volume control ventilation, illustrating the effect of an end-inspiratory breath-hold. Airway pressure.
Relationship between the recruited volume and the arithmetic mean of the ratios of lung density at PEEP 15 cm H2O to lung density at PEEP 5 cm H2O (μP15/P5)
Air flow during ventilator-supported speech production.
Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical dead space volume (VD) during unidirectional breathing. Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical.
Lung simulator diagram of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV): volume (yellow), lung pressure (white), and flow (orange)/time curve. Lung simulator.
The Spectrum mask incorporates the leak port into the circuit, whereas the Mirage mask incorporates the leak port into the mask. The Spectrum mask incorporates.
Practical assessment of respiratory mechanics
Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. Several potential sources of error.
Differences in the distribution of lung densities in a patient with ARDS on a computed tomography scan between supine position (top) and prone position.
A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway pressure release ventilation (APRV). A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway.
An example of delayed cycling during pressure-support ventilation of a patient with COPD, on a Puritan Bennett 7200 ventilator, which has a flow-termination.
Box plots comparing peak inspiratory pressures (PIP) causing the 4 main experimental outcomes: bradycardia, hypotension, asystole, and pneumothorax. Box.
Asynchrony index at baseline and following optimization of pressure support (PS) level (A), and following optimization of mechanical inspiratory time (mechanical.
Likert-scale agreement ratings regarding the use of extubation readiness parameters by pediatric critical care physicians. Likert-scale agreement ratings.
Example airway pressure and rib-cage impedance in a premature infant supported with the biphasic mode of SiPAP (“sigh” positive airway pressure) from the.
Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous mandatory ventilation. Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous.
Characteristics of a pressure-supported breath.
A: Schematic representation of the heterogeneity of the lungs of patients with ARDS. Normal alveoli are subject to injury due to overdistention, whereas.
The peak flows (60 L/min) and flow patterns are the same for all the breaths. The peak flows (60 L/min) and flow patterns are the same for all the breaths.
Ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness.
During this tracing of 30 seconds, the ventilator displays that the patient rate is 16 breaths/min. During this tracing of 30 seconds, the ventilator displays.
Comparison of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) (blue curve) and biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP) (black curve). Comparison of airway.
Illustrated here are several features used to determine that the esophageal balloon is correctly placed in the esophagus. Illustrated here are several.
Typical pressure-time curves during forced expiration against an occluded airway in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and healthy controls. Typical pressure-time.
Top: Stress index (SI) in a patient early in the course of ARDS
A 2-min recording showing periodic breathing, stable delivered pressure, and fluctuating oxygen saturation in a premature neonate supported by nasal intermittent.
This tracing depicts 30 seconds of information.
Alveolar recruitment in acute lung injury
Graphic representation of a dynamic airway pressure scalar during volume control ventilation with a constant inspiratory flow. Graphic representation of.
Work rate as a function of pressurization rate and cycling-off threshold, during pressure-support ventilation of (A) patients with acute lung injury (ALI),
Schematic drawing of alveolar sizes at upper (A), middle (B), and lower dependent (C) lung regions at end expiration and end inspiration. Schematic drawing.
Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support from inhalation to exhalation. Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support.
Flow, esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure can be used to calculate respiratory system compliance, chest-wall compliance,
Esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure (PL) with PEEP set at 26 cm H2O (same patient as Fig. 24). Esophageal pressure, airway.
We connected the supplemental oxygen supply at 3 places: near the ventilator, near the exhalation valve, and on the nasal mask port. We connected the supplemental.
Blom speech cannula. Blom speech cannula. Inspiratory pressure opens the flap valve and closes (expands) the bubble valve, sealing the fenestration so.
Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and Phase 1 clinical trials. Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and.
Static pressure-volume curve from a patient with ARDS showing the lower inflection point (LIP) on the inflation limb signifying the beginning of significant.
Control circuit for set-point or dual targeting schemes.
Gamma camera scans showing posterior lung images of 4 adult patients with cystic fibrosis following inhalation of an aerosol containing the radioisotope.
Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and expiration (B) before stent insertion. Bronchoscopy images obtained during inspiration (A) and.
A: Scanning electron microscopy image of Bivona TTS silicone tube after 3 months of use. A: Scanning electron microscopy image of Bivona TTS silicone tube.
Screen shot of test acceptability and reproducibility for spirometry (upper panel) and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (lower.
A: Changes in percent of predicted following bronchodilator for spirometric and lung volumes variables. A: Changes in percent of predicted following bronchodilator.
Mortality rate according to our integrated index that combines DH and exercise capacity. Mortality rate according to our integrated index that combines.
Graphical representation of the locations where spontaneous breaths may occur during the airway pressure (Paw) release ventilation ventilatory cycle. Graphical.
Mean inspiratory work of breathing during assisted breaths and spontaneous breaths across the spectrum of ventilatory support continuous mandatory ventilation.
Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.
Flow, airway pressure, and transversus abdominis electromyogram (EMG) waveforms from a mechanically ventilated patient with COPD receiving pressure-support.
Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli with spontaneous breathing. Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli.
Components of a patient-triggered mechanical breath.
FEV1 and FVC for the control group (without noninvasive ventilation [NIV]), NIV with an inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 15 cm H2O and expiratory pressure.
Correlation between maximum inspiratory pressure and inspiratory load compensation (ILC) ventilatory variables in the 16 difficult-to-wean subjects, prior.
Relationship of mouth pressure (Pmo) and box pressure (Pbox) by body plethysmography under closed–loop panting conditions (left) and open-loop panting.
Airway pressure and flow graphics illustrate delayed cycling.
A: Work of breathing before and after nebulized terbutaline delivered via standard nebulization method versus delivered during continuous positive airway.
Depiction of an expiratory flow curve.
The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Relationship between airway resistance (Raw) and lung volume, the reciprocal of Raw (conductance of the airways [Gaw]) and lung volume, and Gaw/TGV (thoracic.
FEV1/FVC ratios for females in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III study are plotted against their age. FEV1/FVC ratios for females.
For inspiratory load compensation testing, this threshold positive expiratory pressure (PEP) training device was inverted and connected to a respiratory.
Lung model expiratory CO2 (or PETOv2) representing simulated alveolar CO2 at baseline (no high-flow nasal cannula) and effect on expiratory CO2 at different.
A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different age groups. A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different.
Average drug doses in the peripheral lung, central lung, and extrathoracic airway; residual drug left in the device; and residual drug that was exhaled.
Fentenyl and lorazepam use for the first 5 d of ventilatory support are presented. Fentenyl and lorazepam use for the first 5 d of ventilatory support.
Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy, with mouth open or closed. Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy,
Effects of an automated endotracheal-tube-compensation system on a pressure-support breath. Effects of an automated endotracheal-tube-compensation system.
Presentation transcript:

Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Note that recruitment only starts when airway pressure is higher than the lower inflection point (LIP) of the inspiratory limb and continues up to the maximum pressure reached, even above the upper inflection point (UIP). There is, however, no de-recruitment when airway pressure decreases from this level to the expiratory point of maximum curvature (PMC). With pressures below this point, de-recruitment starts and continues along the rest of the expiratory limb of the curve. From Reference 73, with permission. Dean R Hess Respir Care 2015;60:1688-1704 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.