Introduction to Programming Lecture 42

template <class T>

Template Classes

Stack

Last In First Out

template <class T> class ClassName { definition }

Member function template <class T> Class_Name <T> :: Function_Name (Arguments) { // body of function }

Class_Name :: Function_Name ( Arguments ) { // body of function }

Example template <class T> class Number { private : T MyNumber ; public: Number ( T n ) ; display ( ) ; }

Example Number <int> x ; Number <double> y ;

Non Type Parameters

template <class T , int elements>

int x [ 100 ] ;

Static Member Variables

Number <int> x ;

Example class PhoneCall { private : int lengthOfCall ; char billCode ; public : PhoneCall ( const int i , char b ) ; PhoneCall ( PoneCall & p ) ; PhoneCall PhoneCall :: operator - ( void ) ; void display ( void ) ; } ;

Example PhoneCall PhoneCall :: operator -( void ) { PhoneCall temp ( * this ) ; temp.billCode = 'C' ; return ( temp ) ; }

Friend Function

‘a’ is a object of a class 2 is an integer value ‘a’ is a object of a class a + 2 ;

a + 2 ; should be same as 2 + a ;

friend f ( ) ;

friend f ( x <T> & ) ;

friend f ( X <int> & ) ;

friend class Y ;

friend A :: f ( ) ;

friend A :: f ( X< T > & )

Example template <class T> class Stack { private : int size ; T array [ ] ; public : Stack ( ) ; void push ( T ) ; T pop ( ) ; bool isEmpty ( ) ; bool isFull ( ) ; // Etc. } ;

Example Stack <int> x ; Stack <double> x ;

Last In First Out

Queue Link List

First In First Out

STL Standard Template Library