ZANZIBAR UNIVERSITY LIBRARY SERVICES Introduction Searching information in the internet is time consuming and frustrating for those lacking the required skills.

We love Google Many students love and rely on Google search engine but few of them know how to use full search capabilities. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Objectives At the end of this session, participants should be able to: Formulate search queries wisely Use search operators Use query modifiers Filter search result Use advance search Utilize Google education apps 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

What is Google search? Google Search is a full-text and most-used search engine which uses computerized spider/robot to index million of pages on the web. The search results are generally presented in a list of results and the information may consist of web pages, images, videos and other types of files. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Examples of search engines www.google.com www.altavista.com www.alltheweb.com www.ask.com www.mamma.com www.yahoo.com www.bing.com 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

1. Basic search techniques Analysis of your topic/question is crucial before entering into the search exercise. The analysis of your topic/question should lead you to obtain subject headings and terms to be searched. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Basic search… In making the subject headings, terms and query try to think of: Synonyms, Variant spellings, Plural and singular, Broader and narrower, Homonyms, Acronyms. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

2. Some Basic Facts Search is always cAsE insensitive. Search operators are case sensitive: Generally, all the words you put in the query will be used. Words that are commonly used, like 'the' 'a' ‘which’ ‘when’ 'for’ ‘of’and alike are usually ignored (these are called stop words). A search engine is not a human, it is a program that matches the words you give to pages on the web. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

3. Tips for Better Search Describe what you need with as few terms as possible. The broader the terms, the greater are the chances of getting both information relevant and irrelevant Narrower terms usually give fewer result but most relevant 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

4. Google Search Operators Phrase search ("") By putting double quotes around a set of words, you are telling Google to consider the exact words in that exact order without any change. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

The * or wildcard operator If you include * within a query, it tells Google to try to treat the star as a placeholder for any unknown term(s) and then find the best matches. For example, the search [ Google * ] will give you results about many of Google's products 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

~ tilde operator The tilde functions as a synonym search, returning not only the search term you specified, but also terms that Google “thinks” are synonymous with the term. For example, the search [ Google trics~ ] will give you following results google trics, tips.. techniques..guide.. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Boolean Operators Information searching in most database is based on the principle of Boolean logic (the logic of relationship among terms) ( AND, OR, NOT) Boolean operators improve search result by broadening, narrowing and excluding search results 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

AND operator (+) AND operator tends to narrow a search and make it focused. The more concepts combined in a search with AND logic, the fewer records will be retrieved. Eg. search red AND picture cards From this search you will find cards that contain both the given search terms. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

OR operator OR operator broadens search result. Eg. Search black OR picture cards As a result you will get cards that contain one of the given search term or both 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

NOT operator (-) NOT operator exclude documents that contain the keywords a searcher would not like to appear in the documents. Eg. Search black NOT picture cards From this search you will exclude unwanted cards and find only not pictured black cards 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

5. Query modifiers Query modifiers are query words that have special meaning to Google. Typically these operators modify the search in some way, or even tell Google to do a totally different type of search. Use the following commands in your search 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

allinurl: If you start a query with [allinurl:], Google will restrict the results to those with all of the query words in the url. For instance, [allinurl:digital library] will return only documents that have both “digital" and “library" in the URL. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

allintitle: If you start a query with [allintitle:], Google will restrict the results to those with all of the query words in the title. For instance, [allintitle: digital library] will return only documents that have both “digital" and “library" in the title. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

define: The query [define:] will provide a definition of the words you enter after it, gathered from various online sources. The definition will be for the entire phrase entered (example [define:digital library]) Google will include all the words in the exact order you typed them) 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

filetype: Specify a type of document to search. Example; doc, pdf, ppt, mp3, mpg, mp4 etc 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

site: If you include [site:] in your query, Google will restrict the results to the given domain. For instance, [JK site:www.ippmedia.com] will find pages about JK within www.ippmedia.com. [law site:edu] will find pages about law within .edu urls. [com, org, gov, net, ac.tz, etc] 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

related: The query [related:] will list web pages that are "similar" to a specified web page. For instance, [related:www.google.com] will list web pages that are similar to the Google homepage. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

6. Search results Search result components appear in font of deferent colors. Page title (blue) URL (green) Page content (black) 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Search results options... If you want to filter and customize the search results you see, use the options along the side of the results page. Click More to see all the available filters and views you can apply to that search. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Filter results by type of content Everything: By default, your Google search will show unfiltered results that can include all the types of content below. Images: See only results from Google Images. News: See only results from Google News. Books: See only results from Google Books including reviews, excerpts, and where you can buy the book. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Filter results by type of content Videos: See only video results using Google's Video Search. Blogs: See only results from Google Blog Search. Discussions: See what people are saying in discussion groups, forums, and question-and- answer sites. Google Discussion 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

7. Advanced Search When you don’t find what you’re seeking, consider specifying more accurately what you want by using Google’s Advanced Search feature. Don’t be worried by the name “Advanced Search”; it’s easy to use, and it allows you to select or exclude pages with more precision than Google’s standard search box. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Advanced Search 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

8. Google Books Google Books is a service from Google that searches the full text of books that Google has scanned, converted to text and stored in its digital database 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

9. Google Scholar Google Scholar enable searches for scholarly materials such as peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, abstracts and technical reports from broad areas of research. It includes a variety of academic publishers, professional societies, and universities, as well as scholarly articles available across the web. Google Scholar includes full text and citations. 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

11. Bookmaking When you find a useful web site recording the document information for future so you can always easily return to the source. Making a browser bookmark Use social bookmark pages www.delicious.com You can save web pages by coping and paste the web addresses 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library

Reference Google Guide http://www.googleguide.com/ 12/30/2018 Zanzibar University Library