by Sheng F. Cai, Xuefang Cao, Anjum Hassan, Todd A

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Granzyme B is not required for regulatory T cell–mediated suppression of graft-versus-host disease by Sheng F. Cai, Xuefang Cao, Anjum Hassan, Todd A. Fehniger, and Timothy J. Ley Blood Volume 115(9):1669-1677 March 4, 2010 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Alloactivated Treg cells express granzyme B during in vitro MLRs Alloactivated Treg cells express granzyme B during in vitro MLRs. The 129/SvJ WT (H-2Kb) splenocytes were cultured with irradiated (2000 cGy) Balb/c WT (H-2Kd) splenocytes in complete medium supplemented with 50 U/mL IL-2. Alloactivated Treg cells express granzyme B during in vitro MLRs. The 129/SvJ WT (H-2Kb) splenocytes were cultured with irradiated (2000 cGy) Balb/c WT (H-2Kd) splenocytes in complete medium supplemented with 50 U/mL IL-2. At various time points, splenocytes were harvested and analyzed by flow cytometry for granzyme B expression. (A) Representative flow plots of granzyme B expression, gated on naive and day 6 MLR-stimulated CD8+ T cells. (B) Representative flow plots of granzyme B expression, gated on naive and day 6 MLR-stimulated CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells. (C) Summary graph of percentage granzyme B–expressing Treg cells (n = 3 independent MLR cultures per time point). Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Alloactivated Treg cells express granzyme B in a mouse model of GVHD in vivo. Alloactivated Treg cells express granzyme B in a mouse model of GVHD in vivo. Lethally irradiated Balb/c mice were reconstituted with 2 × 106 bone marrow cells and 2 × 106 T cells derived from 129/SvJ WT mice. Splenocytes were harvested from recipient mice on days 3 to 6 for flow cytometric analysis of granzyme B expression in donor-derived Treg cells. (A) Representative flow plots, gated on H-2Kb+Foxp3+ Treg cells, are shown. (B) Summary graph of percentage granzyme B–expressing Treg cells is shown (n = 3 mice per time point). Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Granzyme B is not required for Treg cell–mediated suppression of ConA-activated and alloactivated Teff-cell proliferation in vitro. Granzyme B is not required for Treg cell–mediated suppression of ConA-activated and alloactivated Teff-cell proliferation in vitro. (A) Suppression of CD4+CD25− Teff-cell proliferation stimulated by ConA in the presence of syngeneic T cell–depleted, irradiated APCs. (B) Representative flow plot of granzyme B expression, gated on wild-type Treg cells cultured for 3 days with ConA-activated Teff cells under maximal suppression conditions (1:1). (C) Dose-dependent suppression of 129/SvJ CD4+CD25− Teff-cell proliferation stimulated by fully mismatched Balb/c T cell–depleted APCs. (D) Representative flow plot of granzyme B expression, gated on wild-type Treg cells cultured for 5 days with alloactivated Teff cells under maximal suppression conditions (1:1). All data shown are representative of 3 independent experiments. Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

In vivo alloactivated Treg cells do not require granzyme B to suppress Teff-cell proliferation ex vivo. In vivo alloactivated Treg cells do not require granzyme B to suppress Teff-cell proliferation ex vivo. (A) Experimental protocol for generation of WT and Gzmb−/− GVHD-activated Treg cells: 2 × 106 T cells from 129/SvJ WT or Gzmb−/− FIG reporter mice were injected intravenously in lethally irradiated (900 cGy) Balb/c hosts, together with 2 × 106 bone marrow cells from WT (non-FIG) mice. Four days after transplantation, splenic WT or Gzmb−/− CD4+GFP+ Treg cells were sort-purified and cultured ex vivo with DDAO-SE–stained CD4+CD25− Teff cells for 3 days. T cells were either unstimulated or stimulated with CD3/CD28 beads. (B) Representative flow plot and histogram of Teff-cell proliferation (ie, loss of DDAO-SE staining) in the presence or absence of CD3/CD28 beads. (C) Dose-dependent inhibition of Teff-cell proliferation mediated by wild-type or Gzmb−/− GVHD-activated Treg cells. (D) Summary graph of normalized data from 3 independent experiments. Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Treg cells do not require granzyme B to rescue hosts from GVHD lethality or to prevent GVHD target organ damage. Treg cells do not require granzyme B to rescue hosts from GVHD lethality or to prevent GVHD target organ damage. Lethally irradiated (900 cGy) Balb/c mice received 2 × 106 129/SvJ TCD BM cells with or without 4 × 105 129/SvJ CD25− Teff cells (both CD4+ and CD8+) and either (A) 4 × 105 or (B) 2 × 105 wild-type or Gzmb−/− CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. Kaplan-Meier survival curves of recipient mice, pooled from 2 independent experiments (n = 10 mice per group), are shown. (C) Seven days after transplantation, 3 mice per experimental group (as outlined in panel A) were killed, and portions of lung, liver, and gut were prepared for histopathologic analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between groups receiving WT or Gzmb−/− Treg cells. Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Treg cells do not require granzyme B to suppress production of GVHD-associated cytokines in vivo. Treg cells do not require granzyme B to suppress production of GVHD-associated cytokines in vivo. Lethally irradiated (900 cGy) Balb/c mice received 2 × 106 129/SvJ TCD BM cells with or without 4 × 105 129/SvJ CD25− Teff cells (both CD4+ and CD8+) and 4 × 105 wild-type or Gzmb−/− CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. Seven days after transplantation, serum was harvested and analyzed via cytometric bead array for the production of (A) IL-2, (B) IL-4, (C) IL-5, (D) IL-10, (E) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and (F) interferon-γ. There was no statistically significant difference between groups receiving WT or Gzmb−/− Treg cells. Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology

Model-dependent role of granzyme B in Treg cell–mediated suppressive function. Model-dependent role of granzyme B in Treg cell–mediated suppressive function. Schematic illustrating the differential phenotypes observed with Gzmb−/− Treg cells in suppressing antitumor responses and GVHD. Sheng F. Cai et al. Blood 2010;115:1669-1677 ©2010 by American Society of Hematology