Nonclassical monocytes are specifically depleted following M-CSFR inhibition and these cells are highest in PD-L1 expression in blood of mice during therapy.

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Nonclassical monocytes are specifically depleted following M-CSFR inhibition and these cells are highest in PD-L1 expression in blood of mice during therapy. Nonclassical monocytes are specifically depleted following M-CSFR inhibition and these cells are highest in PD-L1 expression in blood of mice during therapy. A and B, Total monocytes (A) and granulocytes (B) in treated tumor bearing CBA/J mice were measured in parallel with the lymphoid cell subsets depicted in Fig. 3. C and D, Monocytes were further classified into classical (Ly6Chigh) and nonclassical (Ly6Clow/−) monocytes and expressed as number of cells per μL blood. E and F, PD-L1 positivity was determined on both monocyte subsets and expressed as percentage of PD-L1–positive cells in each subset. These data are indicative of two independent experiments. All data are displayed as dot plots with including the median and error bars indicating interquartile range. Statistical significance was determined using the Mann–Whitney U test with P < 0.05 being statistically significant. Healthy controls were measured to depict cell frequencies and phenotypes in the non-tumor bearing host, but were not included in further statistical testing. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant; DC-Tx, DC therapy; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; CMo, classical monocytes; NCMo, nonclassical monocytes. Floris Dammeijer et al. Cancer Immunol Res 2017;5:535-546 ©2017 by American Association for Cancer Research