The Periodic Table http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8 24 December, 2018 What is today’s lesson about? The Periodic Table http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8.

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The Periodic Table http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8 24 December, 2018 What is today’s lesson about? The Periodic Table http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8

The History of the Periodic Table

Lavoisier (1743-1794) - Complied the first extensive list of elements with his wife - Distinguished between metals and non-metals - Unfortunately included some compounds/mixtures & light/heat - He was branded a traitor during the French Revolution & was beheaded in 1794

John Dalton (1808) Dalton ordered 36 elements He gave each element a symbol The symbols were not easy to memorise

Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner (1829) Döbereiner looked at the recently discovered Bromine and saw it had properties half way between chlorine and iodine. Döbereiner called these three elements a triad. Döbereiner also saw that there were other triads

John Newlands (1864) Newlands created the ‘Law of Octaves’. The known elements were arranged in horizontal rows, seven elements long, by increasing atomic mass. Newlands stated the eighth element would have similar properties to the first in the series, but after Ca, failed in predicting a consistent trend.

Dimitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) He had a set of 63 cards, one for each known element Mendeleev listed the known elements in rows or columns in order of atomic mass. Mendeleev started a new row or column if an element’s characteristics were repeated. Mendeleev's table succeeded, as he left gaps in his table if he thought an element had not been discovered.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ta4m5y9I7XE

The periodic table is ordered using proton number The periodic table is ordered using proton number. Ordering the elements in this way produces repeating patterns in the properties of elements.

Groups Periods Transition elements 1 8 / 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 Do not react with anything Increasing reactivity Decreasing reactivity Transition elements

Important points Horizontal rows are called periods Vertical columns are called groups Elements in the same group have similar properties This is because elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Periodicity