CSE 484 Midterm Review “1st half of the quarter in 5 slides”

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Presentation transcript:

CSE 484 Midterm Review “1st half of the quarter in 5 slides” A.K.A. things you should have learned, had you not slept through your alarm, not fallen asleep in class, had been paying attention in class, and had been reading your book.

Intro, risk analyses, ethics The Security Mindset Threat models, security goals, assets, risks, adversaries -> be able to analyze situations. Goals: Confidentiality/privacy, integrity, authenticity, availability Example: e-voting

Software security: Issues and attacks Smashing stack Off-by-one Heap Function pointers Format strings Integer overflow Randomness Timing attacks

Software security: Defenses Safe languages Non-executable stack (NX bit) Doesn’t protect against: return-to-libc, heap/function pointer attacks, changing stack internal vars (auth flags) Randomize stack Encrypt return address Source code static analysis Run time checking tools (stackguard) Black-box testing,

Crypto What is it? What is symmetric crypto? Asymmetric? What is Privacy? What is Integrity? What’s a MAC? What’s a block cipher? Stream cipher? Hash function? What’s a one-time-pad? Is it secure? Why? Disadvantages: integrity, key distribution, key size What is what: AES, DES, MD5, OTP, HMAC What is ECB mode? Weaknesses? What is CBC mode? CTR mode?

More Crypto What can we attack about a cipher (always know encryption scheme) Ciphertext only, known-plaintext, chosen-plaintext, chosen-ciphertext. Hash functions What is one-wayness? What is collision-resistance? Weak vs. Strong How are Unix passwords stored? Common hashes: md5, sha-1

Some suggestions Read the slides Do last year’s midterm except for 3, 4, 5. … Open the book