13-3 & 4 Issues of Inner Cities and Suburbs in the U.S.

Review – Complete the following sentences: A) For the last 50 years, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from ………… to …………. B) People made this move because………………

Answers: A) For the last 50 years, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from urban to suburban B) People made this move because they want a change of lifestyle (yards, space, less crowded, less crime, etc.) or due to white flight (do NOT move for jobs usually)

C) What type of “Distribution” has this caused? Middle & Upper Class Poor people CBD

Separation by income has reinforced separation by race as well Why?

II. Inner-City A) Economic Problems 1) Concentration of low-income residents leads to lower income from taxes for the city greater need for services for the residents Cities have either raise taxes or lower services – which one usually happens??????????????

2) Services often go first Examples: Close libraries Less trash pick-up Fix roads less often Don’t update schools Leads to a cycle – causes more middle/upper class to move to suburbs – cities get even poorer because now these taxes leave!

Liberty City vs. Weston

B) Physical Problems 1) Deterioration – Oldest Residential area of the City

2) Lead/environmental hazards

C) Social Problems 1) Permanent Underclass

2) Many others… Crime/Drugs/Alcohol abuse Homelessness Underfunded Schools Lack of Consumer Services (Grocery Stores, Doctors, Dentists, etc.)

3)

Although the Concentric Zone model is often used, in today’s America which model BEST describes actual racial distribution? A) VonThunen’s Agricultural Model B) Hoyt Sector Model C) Harris Multiple Nuclei Model D) Smith Social Area Analysis Model E) McNeal Chicago City Model

Sector Model

C) Strategies to Improve Cities What City? 1 – Public Housing (US/UK) 2 – Urban Renewal Miami!!! TO

3) Encourage Gentrification

A LITTLE REVIEW! A) In the last 50 years, the largest intraregional migration in the United States is from _____to_____. B) People made this move because … However, there are still “problems” associated with Suburbs.

III. Problems of Suburbs A) The Peripheral Model (AKA Galactic Model)

Ring Road Edge Cities Williams Town City of Roopchand Saco Estates

B) Density Gradient Density declines as you move further from CBD (basic rule) but has changed over time.

C) Suburban “Sprawl” 1 – Definition – progressive spread of Development over the landscape

2) Problems of Sprawl pockets of development/pockets of open space cause: more expensive services (roads) wastes land (agricultural) wastes energy (car needed more)

3 – In Europe…

4 – Smart Growth

IV. Interaction CBD, Inner-City and Suburbs A) Historically, city growth was limited because people had to ….

Today, It’s all about the ______!

If you can afford one….

B) Cars 1) caused suburban explosion 2) universal ownership in USA except (95% of trips) (majority for???) 3) interstates and cheap gas 4) 25% of land in cities 5) MDC’s future (smart highways)

What City? I love Miami!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

C) Public Transportation(USA) 1 – Rush-hour Commuting 2 – Advantages of public transport: Because each traveler takes up less space – Cheaper Less polluting Energy-Efficient

3) Americans Will not give up Cars! Why?

Consider…. Average American spends over 36 hours a year sitting in traffic jams. Yet public transportation has been reduced in the United States!

4) One Exception – “Rapid” Transit (Subways, trolley, light rail) These are being built in the US city most infamous for traffic jams? Los Angeles, CA

5) Inner-City/Suburban Connection

D) Public Transportation is MUCH BETTER. Why? (Europe/Japan) What City?? London!!!

The End! What are these people doing anyway??