Main Types of Industrial Material

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Presentation transcript:

Main Types of Industrial Material Metals and Alloys Ceramics Polymeric Materials Composites

Structure and Properties All types of materials have internal structure that essentially constitutes grains (or particles) of different phases. These particles can have different sizes and shapes, as well as different distributions The internal structure (or microstructure) influences the mechanical, physical and even chemical properties of the material In most cases we can modify the microstructure so as to bring about changes in the properties

Grains in Metals

Grains and Grain-Boundaries

Regular arrangement of atoms in solids

3-dimensional array in crystals

3-dimensional array in crystals

3-dimensional array in crystals

7 crystal Systems Cubic Tetragonal Hexagonal

Crystal Systems (continued) Orthorhombic Monoclinic Triclinic Rhombohedral

Solidification Curve

Development of Grain Structure

Solidification

Solidification

Dendritic Solidification

Cast Structure

Grains in Cast Ingot

Ingot Casting methods

Solidification Shrinkage

Continuous Casting of Billets

Continuous Casting of Billets

Ingot Casting methods

Forging Press

Grain in Metals

Simulated cast microstructure