Electricity & Magnetism Static, Currents, Circuits Magnetic Fields & Electro Magnets Motors & Generators Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Atoms… Have neutrons, protons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged Electrons are negatively charged Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Electrons… Are located on the outer edges of atoms…they can be moved. A concentration of electrons in an atom creates a net negative charge. If electrons are stripped away, the atom becomes positively charged. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

The world is filled with electrical charges: + - + + + - - + - + + + - - - + + - - - Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

What is this electrical potential called? Static Electricity - - - - - + + + - - + + Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Static Electricity The build up of an electric charge on the surface of an object. The charge builds up but does not flow. Static electricity is potential energy. It does not move. It is stored. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Static Discharge… Occurs when there is a loss of static electricity due to three possible things: Friction - rubbing Conduction – direct contact Induction – through an electrical field (not direct contact) Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Electricity that moves… Current: The flow of electrons from one place to another. Measured in amperes (amps) Kinetic energy Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

How can we control currents? With circuits. Circuit: is a path for the flow of electrons. We use wires. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

There are 2 types of currents: Direct Current (DC) – Where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

There are 2 types of currents: Alternating Current (AC) – electrons flow in different directions in a wire Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

There are 2 types of circuits: Series Circuit: the components are lined up along one path. If the circuit is broken, all components turn off. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Series Circuit Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

There are 2 types of circuits: Parallel Circuit – there are several branching paths to the components. If the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components on that branch will turn off. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Parallel Circuit Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Conductors vs. Insulators Conductors – material through which electric current flows easily. Insulators – materials through which electric current cannot move. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation Examples Conductors: Metal Water Insulators: Styrofoam Rubber Plastic Paper Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation What is Resistance? The opposition to the flow of an electric current, producing heat. The greater the resistance, the less current gets through. Good conductors have low resistance. Measured in ohms. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

What Influences Resistance? Material of wire – aluminum and copper have low resistance Thickness – the thicker the wire the lower the resistance Length – shorter wire has lower resistance Temperature – lower temperature has lower resistance Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation What is Voltage? The measure of energy given to the charge flowing in a circuit. The greater the voltage, the greater the force or “pressure” that drives the charge through the circuit. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Difference b/t Volts and Amps Example – you could say that… Amps measure how much water comes out of a hose. Volts measure how hard the water comes out of a hose. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Ohm’s Law Resistance = Voltage / Current Ohms = Volts / Amps Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Practice with Ohm’s Law Volts Amps 4 100 25 15 150 10 2 30 9 45 5 6 48 8 Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

What is an electromagnet? Electromagnet – a magnet made from a current bearing coil of wire wrapped around an iron or steel core. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation What is a generator? Generator – a machine that changes mechanical energy to electrical energy Usually use moving magnets to create currents in coils of wire. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation What is a motor? Motor – a device that changes electrical energy to mechanical energy that can do work. Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation

Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation That’s It !!!! Another Fabulous Mr. K Presentation