XOR problem Input 2 Input 1

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Presentation transcript:

XOR problem Input 2 Input 1 (1,0) (1,1) Input 2 (0,0) Input 1 (0,1) Can you draw one line which separates the ones from zeros?

Multiple Layer Perceptrons We need two lines: (1,0) (1,1) Input 2 (0,0) Input 1 (0,1)

Multiple Layer Perceptrons Input 1 1 Input 2 Input Layer Hidden Output

Artificial Neural Networks A neural network is a massively parallel distributed computing system that has a natural propensity for storing experiential knowledge and making it available for use. It resembles the brain in two respects: Knowledge is acquired by the network through a learning process (called training) Interneuron connection strengths known as synaptic weights are used to store the knowledge Knowledge is implicit and distributed

Classes of ANN Number of layers Direction of information (signal) flow Single layer network Multilayer networks Direction of information (signal) flow Feed-forward Recurrent (feed-back) Connectivity Fully connected Partially connected Learning methodology Supervised Unsupervised

Single vs Multiple Layers Single Layer Only one input and One output layer Two Layers One input , One hidden and One output layer

Feed forward vs Reccurrent Recurrent Network

Fully Connected vs Partially Connected

Training Cycle Input Activation function Weighted Sum of input Similarity measure Activation function Weight updation Input Kindly make the arrows more circular