Waveforms & Timing Diagrams

Timing Diagrams A timing diagram is a graph of voltage versus time. The horizontal time scale is marked off in regular intervals and voltage is marked off in regular intervals along a vertical scale. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 mSec 1 2 3 4 5 6 Volts Timing diagrams are used to: Show how a digital signal changes with time Compare two or more signals in the same circuit

Waveforms: Oscilloscopes can be used to compare: Oscilloscope one or more digital signals to their expected timing diagram one or more input signals to the output signal Oscilloscope

Timing Diagram for an AND Gate 1 0 0 A B OUTPUT 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

Timing Diagram for an OR Gate A B OUTPUT 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

Timing Diagram for a NAND Gate A B OUTPUT 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

Timing Diagram for a NOR Gate A B OUTPUT 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

Timing Diagram to Truth Table: Input 1 Input 2 Output A B OUTPUT 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 Output is ON only when both inputs are ON This circuit is an AND GATE 1

Timing Diagram to Truth Table: Inputs A, B, C Output A B C OUTPUT 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Output is ON when any input is ON This circuit is an OR GATE 1 1 1 1

Timing Diagram to Truth Table: A B OUTPUT 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Output is ON only when Input A or Input B is ON This circuit is an exclusive OR GATE

Logic to Timing Diagram:

Logic to Timing Diagram: